2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Studies on regenerative medicine for severe diabetes mellitus by stem cell biology
| Project/Area Number |
16390360
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
General surgery
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
SUMI Shoichiro Kyoto University, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, 再生医科学研究所, 助教授 (80252906)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TABATA Yasuhiko Kyoto University, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Professor, 再生医科学研究所, 教授 (50211371)
SUNAMURA Makoto Tohoku University, Hospital, Lecturer, 講師 (10201584)
YAMAMOTO Yuichiro Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Associate Professor, 大学院・医学研究科, 助教授 (60283610)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | stem cell / therapy for diabetes mellitus / bio-artificial pancreas / beta-cell / pancreatic regeneration / pancreatectoy / regenerative medicine |
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| Research Abstract |
A new method of making bio-artificial pancreas (BAP), macro-encapsulation of islets in PET (polyethyren tetraphutarate) mesh-reinforced PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) gel by freezing and thawing, was developed. This BAP was found to keep islets viable and functional in comparison to normal free islets in vitro. Transplantation of this BAP ameliorated hyperglycemia and improved renal dysfunction and survival in mouse model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In studying subcutaneous transplantation of BAP, collagen-coated PVA bag, when applied with sustained release micro-sphere of basic FGF (fibroblast growth factor), was found to induce more angiogenesis and improved viability of included islets in comparison to non-coated PVA bag. Islet preservation studies revealed that apoptosis, a major mechanism of islet cell loss in islet transplantation tended to develop early after islet isolation and rapidly progressed during normal culture conditions. On the other hand, cold preservation in University Wisconsin solution was found to inhibit apoptosis. Pancreas regeneration studies in rats suggested that certain factors perhaps including hyperglycemia was activated by major pancreatectomy and maintained regenerative state of the remnant pancreas, since the weight of the remnant-equivalent pancreas was increased only temporally and returned to its normal weight if pancreatic duct corresponding to removed lobes in major pancreatectomy was ligated and left in the place.
In stem cell studies, neuron-like cells obtained in the differentiation studies of mouse embryonic stem cells were found to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease in model rats. Differentiation form bone marrow-derived cells and epithelial cells of pancreatic duct to islet cells and electrical cell fusion of bone marrow cells and islet cells were also studied and interesting knowledge toward future studies was accumulated.
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Research Products
(34 results)
