2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Present status and origin of drug resistant malaria parasites in Indonesia
| Project/Area Number |
16406011
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Parasitology (including Sanitary zoology)
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| Research Institution | Nagasaki University |
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Principal Investigator |
KANBARA Hiroji Nagasaki University, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Professor, 熱帯医学研究所, 教授 (20029789)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
UEMURA Haruki Nagasaki University, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Assistant Professor, 熱帯医学研究所, 講師 (60184975)
YANAGI Tetsuo Nagasaki University, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Research Associate, 熱帯医学研究所, 助手 (10174541)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | Indonesia / Lombok island / Sumbawa island / malaria epidemiology / change of endemic mode / chloroquine resistance / geographical factors |
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| Research Abstract |
Indonesia is a big archipelago country consisting of various races and environments, resulting in diverse malaria endemic situations according to different islands, and often even in a single island. So far, this diversity had been dependent upon the above factors, but it has been rapidly changed by the socio-economical change. Urbanization dramatically reduced malaria endemics, especially in Java and Bali island. In our survey areas, in Lombok and Sumbawa island, the major malaria endemics along the coasts have decreased due to economical development except some remote, rural areas, but the economical development and resultant increase in population expanded the human life range to surrounding mountains (or forested hills). Now, in our survey areas in Lombok, most of malaria cases are found in forested hills. The same situation was found in new transmigrant villages in the south of Sumbawa district. Factors involving malaria epidemic in new settlements are under investigation. A common factor seen in all the malaria endemic areas is their location far separated from medical facilities. Interesting points are that most of villagers over 10 years old in endemic areas have acquired anti-malaria immunity regardless of less degree of endemicity compared with high degree of endemicity in Africa where most of residents gradually acquire anti-malaria immunity with increasing age. In a new settlement with 7 or 8 years history, villagers over 15 years old also showed apparent malaria immunity, indicating age-dependent malaria immunity. In all the survey areas prevalent chloroquine resistance of Plasmodium falciparum was demonstrated by analyzation of related genes.
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