2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Effect of environmental changes on diversity and functions of soil microbes in peat lands.
| Project/Area Number |
16510030
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental impact assessment/Environmental policy
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| Research Institution | National Institute for Environmental Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
MIKIYA Hiroki National Institute for Environmental Studies, Environmental Biology Division, Senior Researcher, 生物圏環境研究領域, 主任研究員 (40142103)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Keywords | wetland / peat / soil microorganisms / diversity / function / cellulose |
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| Research Abstract |
In mires, plant residues become into peat under low temperature and high moisture level condition. Decomposition rate of organic matter is very low and, and nutrients become available very slowly depending on the rate of mineralization, through which cellulose decomposing bacteria play an important roll. In such an oligotrophic ecosystem, moisture level, mineral supply, quality of substrate and other physical and chemical factors, which influence the decomposition rate, are changed recently by natural and artificial sources. In the present study, cellulose decomposing bacteria were isolated from geographically various type of mire in three areas in Japan, to reveal its functional diversity with following results :
Mainly single cell forming bacteria was isolated from Sphagnum mat in highland moor, whereas small number of such bacteria was isolated from peat soil in forest and reed marsh, where mainly actinomycetes was dominant as cellulose decomposing bacteria. The isolated single cell bacteria were examined C-substrate utilization patterns by Biolog system and classified functionally different groups. Isolates from sphagnum mat used many kinds of hydrocarbons and small number of organic acids and amino compounds, whereas isolates from peat soil in a forest used limited hydrocarbons and some kinds of carboxylic acids and amino compounds as C-substrate. These results might reflect the difference of potential C-substrates in the habitats where the isolates living wetland soils.
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