2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
A study on cultural differences in thought using inference tasks
| Project/Area Number |
16530483
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Experimental psychology
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| Research Institution | Kobe College |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMA Hiroshi Kobe College, School of Human Sciences, Professor, 人間科学部, 教授 (80202373)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Keywords | dual process theory / inference / cross-cultural study / collectivist culture / individualist culture / rationality / analytic / holistic processing / explicit / implicit processing |
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| Research Abstract |
In order to achieve a theoretical study, I introduce dual process theories that suppose two systems of analytic and holistic processing to the claim of Nisbett et al. (2001) that Westerners who are assumed to be in individualistic culture are likely to do analytic thought whereas Easterners who are assumed to be in collectivist culture are inclined to do holistic thought. However, according to the dual process theories, the system of holistic thought is universal across cultures, and thus cultural differences are in the system of analytic thought. In order to resolve the inconsistency, I propose a revised dual process model that cultural differences in thought are explained by how people use the capacity that is provided for analytic thought. This theory is to be published in Mind and Society.
Its demonstrative research is run dealing with hindsight bias. It is a cross-cultural study of Japanese, Koreans, British, and French. The experiment in France was supported by the grant of CHRUS program (a joint research program of Japan and France). I propose that humans have implicit access and explicit access to a 'complex model' that causes hindsight bias in 2006. This was presented at the London Reasoning Workshop : Festschrift for David Over's 60^<th> Birthday (the title is 'Conditional reasoning and hindsight bias : a cross-cultural study of British, French, Koreans, and Japanese). I examined hindsight bias using conditional in this experiment, and I used scenarios in the next experiment.
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[Book] 認識の発生2007
Author(s)
清水・乾(編), 山祐嗣他分担執筆
Publisher
岩波書店(印刷中)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
