2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Research on the evolutionary origin of autonomic nervous system
| Project/Area Number |
16570191
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Evolutionary biology
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Genetics |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIMIZU Hiroshi National Institute of Genetics, Department of Developmental Genetics, Assistant Professor, 個体遺伝研究系, 助手 (60178986)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
FUJISAWA Toshitaka National Institute of Genetics, Associate Professor, 助教授 (60000262)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2006
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| Keywords | Hydra / Autonomic Nervous System / Sympathetic Nervous System / Parasympathetic Nervous System / Neuropeptides |
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| Research Abstract |
Proper regulation of physiological activities is crucial for homeostasis in animals. Autonomic regulation of these activities is most developed in mammals, in which a part of peripheral nervous system, termed the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) plays the dominant role. Circulatory activity and digestive activity in vertebrates change in opposite phases to each other. The stage where circulatory activity is high and digestive activity is low is termed the "fight or flight stage" while the stage where circulatory activity is low and digestive activity is high is termed the "rest ＆ digest stage". It has been thought that the ANS originated in early vertebrate phyla and developed to its greatest extent in mammals. In this study, we compared the pattern of change of circulatory and digestive activities in several invertebrates and found that the two stages seen in mammals are also present in a wide variety of animals, including evolutionarily early-diverging invertebrate taxa. From this and other arguments we proposed a novel possibility that the basic properties of the ANS were established very early in metazoan evolution.
In this project, we also attempted to identify new neuropeptides in Hydra. In systematic identification of signaling peptides in Hydra (the Hydra Peptide Project), we found two novel neuropeptides that were encoded by a single gene. They have FRamide at the C-terminus and seem to be specific to cnidarians. No related genes or peptides were found in the databases. These peptides have opposite functions in terms of the body size.
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Research Products
(25 results)
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[Journal Article] Hym-301, a novel peptide regulates the number of tentacles formed in Hydra.2005
Author(s)
Takahashi, T., Hatta, M., Yum, S., Koizumi, O., Kobayakawa, Y., Gee, L., Ohtani, M., Fujisawa, T., Bode, H.R.
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Journal Title
Development 132
Pages: 2225-2234
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Evolution of gap junctions : the missing link?2004
Author(s)
Alexopoulos, H., Boettger, A., Fisher, S., Levin, A., Wolf, A., Fujisawa, T., Hayakawa, S., Gojobori, T., Davies, J.A., David, C.N., Bacon, J.P.
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Journal Title
Current Biology 14
Pages: 879-880
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Unique catabolic pathway of glycosphingolipids in a hydrozoan, Hydra magnipapillata, involving endoglycoceramidase.2004
Author(s)
Horibata, Y., Sakaguchi, K., Okino, N., Iida, H., Inagaki, M., Fujisawa, T., Hama, Y., Ito, M.
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Journal Title
J.Biol.Chem. 279・32
Pages: 33379-33389
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Glycosaminoglycans in Hydra magnipapillata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) : demonstration of chondroitin in the developing nematocyst, sting organelle, and structural characterization of glycosaminoglycans.
Author(s)
Yamada, S., Morimoto, H., Fujisawa, T., Sugawara, K.
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Journal Title
Description
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