2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Improvement of Nutritive Value of kuruma-Shrimp Diets by Supplementation of Leaching-Retared Crystalline Amino Acids
| Project/Area Number |
16580169
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Fisheries chemistry
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| Research Institution | Kagoshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
TESHIMA Shin-ichi Kagoshima University, Faculty of Fisheries, Professor, 水産学部, 教授 (70041704)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KOSHIO Shunsuke Kagoshima University, Faculty of Fisheries, Professor, 水産学部, 教授 (60186666)
ISHIKAWA Manabu Kagoshima University, Faculty of Fisheries, Assistant Professor, 水産学部, 助手 (60284915)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | Amino acid / Leaching / Shrimp / Supplement / Marsupenaeus |
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| Research Abstract |
Differing from fish, crustaceans are incapable of utilizing effectively a dietary source of crystalline amino acids for their growth. This has been assumed to be due to the loss or leaching of crystalline amino acids (CAA) into water because crustaceans are a slow-eater and nibble on diets. This research was conducted to develop environment-friendly, low-cost diets (or low environment-loading diets) for shrimp such as kuruma-ebi, Marsupenaeus japonicus. To approach this, how to supplent CAA to shrimp diets was first studied and then tried to determine the quantitative requirements (optimum dietary levels) of several essential amino acids (EAA).
Since the supplementation of intact CAA to shrimp diets is unsuccessful in improving the nutritive value of diets, first several methods for retarding of leaching of CAA into water from diets were tested. As a result, it was found that the pre-coating CAA with some binders like agar, carboxy-methylcellulose, and casein prior to the supplementatio
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n to diets was effective in prevent the leacing to some extent. The nutritive value of crystalline amino acids so obtained (LRA) as amino acid supplements to diets was tested for the juvenile shrimp in feeding experiments using weight gain, survival, feed efficiency ratio, and biochemicalo analysis of diets and shrimp body. As for the larval M.japonicus, LRA were effectively utilized as nitrogen sources. These resultsd suggested that the quantitative requirements of EAA of the shrimp, which were not investigated yet, are possibly estimated by using LRA.
Next, we estimated the requirements of several EAA like methionine, lysine, and arginine, for the juvenile shrimp with diets containing different levels of LRA composing of a sole EAA. In addition, tracer experiments using [14C] arginine was conducted to clarify why CAA are not effectively utilized for growth of the shrimp. As a result, the results showed that dietary sources of CAA leached into water to and the abosrbed CAA wer not effectively utilized for body protein synthesis. Less
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