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2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of cell-free biosystems for artificial cells

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 16H02089
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Nanobioscience
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Ueda Takuya  東京大学, 大学院新領域創成科学研究科, 教授 (80184927)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywordsリポソーム / PURE system / ATP合成酵素 / バクテリオロドプシン / 光合成 / 細胞分裂 / リボソーム / tRNA
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Aiming at artificial cells, biosystems based on the reconstituted gene expression system, PURE system, have been developed. The proteins involved in the cell division system were synthesized in liposomes and liposomes appeared to deform. By expressing ATP synthetase and bacteriorhodopsin in liposome, a light-dependent energy production system was constructed. For the small subunit of ribosomes, an assembly system under the physiological conditions in the presence of biosynthetic factors was constructed. For the large subunit, we succeeded in reconstituting subunits with protein synthesis activity from individually purified ribosomal proteins and rRNA. We also developed a PURE system based on transcribed tRNA molecules.

Free Research Field

生化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

人工細胞は、今後の生命科学の中心的な流れである合成生物学の目標である。本研究では、DNAから分裂やエネルギー生産をする生命システムを作製した。また、遺伝子発現系を増殖させるために、リボソームのアセンブリー系とDNAから機能をもった tRNA分子の合成に成功した。これらの研究は、分子から細胞を創ろうとする試みの基盤技術を提供するものである。

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Published: 2020-03-30  

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