分子系統地理学的解析で探る最終氷期における日本周辺の海藻植生と日本海の海況の変遷

2016 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16H04832
• Research Institution: Kobe University
• Principal Investigator: 川井 浩史 神戸大学, 内海域環境教育研究センター, 教授 (30161269)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 鈴木 雅大 神戸大学, 内海域環境教育研究センター, 特命助教 (30637088) ; 羽生田 岳昭 神戸大学, 内海域環境教育研究センター, 助教 (40379334) ; 廣瀬 孝太郎 神戸大学, 内海域環境教育研究センター, 特命助教 (60596427) ; 岡崎 裕典 九州大学, 理学研究院, 准教授 (80426288)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 系統地理

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

最終氷河期の海面変動は，現在の海藻類の地理的分布や各地域集団の遺伝的多様性に直接的な影響を与えたと考えられ，氷河期には高緯度域に分布する海藻類はより低緯度のレフュジアで生き延び，氷河期終了後，再び分布を広げ，現在の地理的分布が成立した。一方，日本海は最大氷期には海面低下による閉鎖化でほぼ淡水化したとされ，ほとんどの海藻類は死滅したとされる。そこで本研究では，日本周辺に分布し，異なる塩分耐性を示す海藻類の各地域集団の遺伝的多様性の解析を通して，最終氷期と氷河期終了後の日本周辺での海藻類の系統地理を明らかにし，また最終氷期における海藻類のレフュジアの位置および日本海の塩分環境の変遷を議論することを目的として以下の調査・解析を実施した。
今年度は日本各地および韓国済州島などの約30地点でで解析対象とする種（褐藻イシゲ，イロロ，ヘラヤハズ，イワヒゲ，セイヨウハバノリ，ハバノリ，ケウルシグサ，ツルモ，ワカメ，カジメ，クロメ；緑藻アナアオサ，ウスバアオノリ；紅藻マクサ，フクロフノリ，ワツナギソウ，オキツノリ，オゴノリ等）の試料を新たに採集し，ミトコンドリアゲノムのcox1遺伝子，cox3遺伝子，あるいはnad3-16S rRNA遺伝子領域の塩基配列を決定した。これらの解析試料の収集状況と得られた遺伝子の遺伝的多様性を検討し，本研究で目的とする最終氷期以降の系統地理学的解析に必要な地点が網羅可能か，また適当な進化速度をもつかどうかについて考察した。また，本州日本海沿岸から得られた堆積物コアに含まれる珪質鞭毛藻の種組成の解析から最終氷期以降の水温・塩分変化の復元を試みた。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

解析対象とする種について日本周辺からは順調に収集が進んでいるが，ヘラヤハズ，ヤブレグサなど漸深帯に生育するものについては新たに試料が得られる地点と個体数があまり多くない。今後も充分な試料が野外から得られない場合には，これらについては，さく葉標本試料からのDNA抽出も試みることを考えている。また国外の試料については，ランダムに採集するではなく，プロジェクト前半の日本産の資料の解析結果から適当な地点から十分な標本が得られ，また解析した遺伝子により十分な解像度が得られることが確認できた種を中心に入手を試みることとした。年度末に研究成果報告会を行い，得られた解析結果の共有を図ると共に，最終氷期の日本海の水温・塩分環境等についての意見交換を行った。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

２年次以降も継続して解析試料の収集に努めるが，１年次の解析結果をふまえて，採集対象を見直し，十分な試料が得られ，また解析に用いた遺伝子により適当な遺伝的多様性を示す種について集中的に採集を行う。また，１０月に開催されるアジア太平洋藻類学において関連領域の研究者との意見交換を行い，国外の試料収集を効率的に実施する。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seaweed aquaculture beds (SABs) (2017)
  • Author(s): Calvyn F.A. Sondak, C.F.A., Ang, P.O.Jr., Beadall, J., Bellgrove, A., Boo, S.M., Gerung, G.S., Hepburn, C.D., Hong, D.D., Hu, Z., Kawai, H., Lim, P.-E., Largo, D., Lee, J.A., Mayakun, J., Nelson, W.A., Oak, J.H., Phang, S.M., Sahoo, D., Peerapornpis, Y., Yang, Y., Chung, I.K.
  • Journal Title: J. Appl. Phycol. Volume: 29 Pages: 2363-2373
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10811-016-1022-1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Genome-wide computational analysis of the secretome of brown algae (Phaeophyceae) (2017)
  • Author(s): Terauchi, M., Yamagishi, T., Hanyuda, T., Kawai, H.
  • Journal Title: Marine Genomics Volume: 32 Pages: 49-59
  • DOI: org/10.1016/j.margen.2016.12.002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Two new species of Mesospora (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae) from the subtropical Indo-Pacific region (2017)
  • Author(s): Poong, S.-W, Lim P.-E., Phang, S.-M., Sunarpi, H., West, J.A., Miller, K.A., Nelson, W.A., Kawai, H.
  • Journal Title: Phycologia Volume: 56 Pages: 487-498
  • DOI: 10.2216/16-142.1
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Molecular phylogeny of the benthic dinoflagellate genus Amphidiniopsis and its relationships with the family Protoperidiniaceae (2017)
  • Author(s): Yamaguchi, A., Yoshimatsu, S., Hoppenrath, M., Wakeman, K.C., Kawai, H.
  • Journal Title: Protist Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Taxonomic revision of the Agaraceae with a description of Neoagarum gen. nov. and reinstatement of Thalassiophyllum (2017)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Gao, X., Terauchi, M., Miyata, M., Lindstrom, S.C., Klochkova, N.G., Miller, K.A.
  • Journal Title: J. Phycol. Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Phylogeographic analysis of the brown alga Cutleria multifida (Tilopteridales, Phaeophyceae) suggests a complicated introduction history (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Kogishi, K., Hanyuda, T., Arai, S., Gurgel, C.F., Nelson, W., Meinesz, A., Tsiamis, K., Peters, A.F.
  • Journal Title: Phycol. Res. Volume: 64 Pages: 3-10
  • DOI: 10.1111/pre.12113
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Taxonomic revision of Papenfussiella species (Chordariaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the Northern Hemisphere. (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Miyoshi, K., Hanyuda, T.
  • Journal Title: Phycologia Volume: 55 Pages: 308-317
  • DOI: 10.2216/15-139.1
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA markers for Asparagopsis taxiformis (Bonemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) provides novel insights into their phylogeography (2016)
  • Author(s): Kurihara, A., Horiguchi, H., Hanyuda, T., Kawai, H.
  • Journal Title: Phycol. Res. Volume: 64 Pages: 95-101
  • DOI: 10.1111/pre.12126
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Genetic diversity and biogeography of native and introduced populations of Ulva pertusa (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) (2016)
  • Author(s): Hanyuda, T., Heesch, S., Nelson, W., Sutherland, J., Arai, S., Boo, S.M., Kawai, H.
  • Journal Title: Phycol. Res. Volume: 64 Pages: 102-109
  • DOI: 10.1111/pre.12123
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Molecular phylogeny of Zeacarpa (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae) proposing a new family Zeacarpaceae and its transfer to Nemodermatales (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Bolton, J., Anderson, R.
  • Journal Title: J. Phycol. Volume: 52 Pages: 682-686
  • DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12419
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Cladosiphon takenoensis sp. nov. (Ectocarpales s.l., Phaeophyceae) from Japan (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Kim, S.H., Ichikawa, Y., Uwai, S., Peters, A.F.
  • Journal Title: Phycol. Res. Volume: 64 Pages: 212-218
  • DOI: 10.1111/pre.12140
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Next-generation sequencing of an 88-year-old specimen of the poorly known species Liagora japonica (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) supports the recognition of Otohimella gen. nov. (2016)
  • Author(s): Suzuki, M., Segawa, T., Mori, H., Akiyoshi, A., Ootsuki, R., Kurihara, A., Sakayama, H., Kitayama, T., Abe, T., Kogame, K., Kawai, H., Nozaki, H.
  • Journal Title: PLOS ONE Volume: - Pages: -
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158944
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] Taxonomic revision of Agaraceae (Laminariales, Phaophyceae) (2017)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Gao, X., Terauchi, M., Miyata, M., Lindstrom, S.C., Klochkova, N.G., Miller, K.A.
  • Organizer: British Phycological Society Winter Meeting 2017
  • Place of Presentation: University of Bangor, U.K.
  • Year and Date: 2017-01-11 – 2017-01-13
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Inconspicuous flora of the rocky shores: Crustose brown algae (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae) from the (sub)tropical Indo-Pacific (2016)
  • Author(s): Poong, S.-W., Lim, P.-E., Phang, S.-M., Sunarpi, H., West, J.A., Lin, S.-M., Nelson, A.W., Miller, K.A, Kawai, H.
  • Organizer: 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Algal Biotechnology
  • Place of Presentation: Century Park Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2016-11-15 – 2016-11-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The threat of introduced macroalgal species arriving on Northwestern American shores associated with Japanese tsunami marine debris (JTMD) (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Hansen, G.
  • Organizer: 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Algal Biotechnology
  • Place of Presentation: Century Park Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2016-11-15 – 2016-11-18
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Genetic diversity and biogeography of the macroalgal species associated with the Japanese tsunami marine debris. 2016 (2016)
  • Author(s): Hanyuda, T., Hansen, G., Kawai, H.
  • Organizer: PICES 2016 Annual Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Omni San Diego Hotel, San Diego, CA, USA.
  • Year and Date: 2016-11-02 – 2016-11-13
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] An overview on the crustose brown algal (Phaeophyceae) taxa (2016)
  • Author(s): Poong, S.-W., Lim, P.-E., Phang, S.-M., Sunarpi, H., West, J.A., Lin, S.-M., Kawai, H.
  • Organizer: 30th Annual meeting of the Korean Society of Phycology
  • Place of Presentation: Ramada, Jeju, Korea.
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-27 – 2016-09-30
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The macroalgal culture collection in Kobe University (KU-MACC), and the comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Phaeophyceae based on the culture strains (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Terauchi, M., Hanyuda, T.
  • Organizer: The 8th ANRRC International Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-20 – 2016-09-22
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Species diversity and the threat of introduced macroalgal species arriving on Northwestern American shores via Japanese Tunami Marine Debris (JTMD) (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Hansen, G.
  • Organizer: 11th EMECS Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Azimut Hotel, St. Petersburg, Russia
  • Year and Date: 2016-08-22 – 2016-08-27
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] Seaweed Phylogeography (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawai, H., Hanyuda, T., Uwai, S. (Ed. Z.Hu and C.Fraser)
  • Total Pages: 395
  • Publisher: Springer