2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of allergic disease via commensal microbiota and regulatory T cells
| Project/Area Number |
16H05350
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Pediatrics
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| Research Institution | University of Tsukuba |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | エクソソーム / アレルギー / CD300a / 制御性T細胞 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Epithelial tissue including skin, airway and gastrointestinal tract serves as the habitat of commensal microbiota and also the site of allergic diseases. We have elucidated that the regulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) which is the cell population that able to suppress the inflammation, by commensal microbiota via the immunoreceptor CD300a. In this study, we showed that commensal microbiota derived exosomes are the one of the other regulatory mechanism of this pathway.
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| Free Research Field |
免疫学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究で、アレルゲンのみではなく、一部の常在菌がケラチノサイトを刺激し、そのケラチノサイトから分泌されるエクソソームが免疫細胞を刺激してサイトカインを分泌させることでTregを制御している可能性が明らかになったことは、常在菌の制御を介したTregの人為的制御によるアレルギー疾患の新たな治療への一歩となりうる。アレルギー疾患は患者数も多く、また、その症状は患者のQOLを著しく低下させることから、Tregを制御することで疾患を克服できれば、社会的な意義は大きい。
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