Determination of hMSCs-derived neuroprotective factors on brain ischemia and the glial modulating mechanism

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16H05443
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Neurosurgery
• Research Institution: Showa University
• Principal Investigator: Ohtaki Hirokazu 昭和大学, 医学部, 准教授 (20349062)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 荒田 悟 昭和大学, 教養部, 教授 (20159502) ; 渡邊 潤 昭和大学, 大学共同利用機関等の部局等, 兼任講師 (50649069) ; 吉川 輝 昭和大学, 医学部, 助教 (90737355)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞 / ミクログリア / 脳虚血 / マクロファージ / 神経細胞死

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) were focused on the suppression of tissue damages including central nervous system as well as the multipotency. The present project is to demonstrate the cross-talking between human MSCs (hMSCs) and the recipient mouse cells in vivo and in vitro.
hMSCs responded to ischemic/neuronal cell damaging homogenate, in particular, the inflammatory cytokines. It was reproduced transplanted hMSCs after ischemia and the hMSCs might mainly respond to macrophages. Transplanted hMSCs decreased spinal cord injury. The hMSCs increased CCL5 expression and the CCL5 contributed to macrophages/microglia polarization and axonal extension.

Free Research Field

神経科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究計画の成果として，報告者らはマウス脳虚血および脊髄損傷モデルを用いてヒト間葉系幹・前駆細胞が生体内の炎症応答に応じてレシピエントの環境を制御し組織の修復や再生を促していることを明らかにした。これは，近年，本邦で承認された初の細胞治療薬が極めて早く有効性を示す根拠となりうる結果であり，将来このヒト間葉系幹・前駆細胞が様々な疾患に対して細胞治療薬となりうる可能性を示した。