2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

A study on the mechanisms of induction and differentiation of stem cells during wound healing and regeneration of dentin-pulp complex

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	16H05516
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Conservative dentistry
Research Institution	Niigata University
Principal Investigator	YOSHIBA Kunihiko 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 教授 (30220718)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	吉羽永子新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 講師 (10323974) 大倉直人新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 助教 (00547573) 枝並直樹新潟大学, 医歯学系, 助教 (80804567) 細矢明宏北海道医療大学, 歯学部, 准教授 (70350824) 入江一元北海道医療大学, 歯学部, 教授 (70223352)
Project Period (FY)	2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Keywords	歯髄 / 創傷治癒 / 歯髄幹細胞 / 象牙芽細胞 / 修復象牙質 / 歯髄保存療法
Outline of Final Research Achievements	This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of dental pulp wound healing and reparative dentinogenesis. We investigated the cellular events and expression of related factors after direct pulp capping or pulpotomy. The results suggested that α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts are progenitors of odontoblast-like cells and that TGF-β1 and EDA-fibronectin are involved in their differentiation. In addition, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells, fibrocytes, appeared transiently in the early stages and M2 phenotype macrophages colocalized with Schwann cells in healthy as well as inflamed pulp. It was suggested that various types of cells are involved in pulp wound healing and repair process.
Free Research Field	歯科保存学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	超高齢社会を迎え、健康長寿社会の実現のためにできるだけ歯を保存し、咬合機能を維持することが重要である。歯髄はう蝕や修復処置などの様々な外来侵襲に対して修復・再生する能力を有しているが、そのメカニズムに関しては不明の点が多い。本研究は歯髄の創傷治癒・修復過程において様々な細胞、関連因子が密接に関連して進行することを明らかにした。これらを制御することによって、歯髄創傷治癒を促進させる新たな歯髄保存療法の開発への足掛かりとなると期待される。