2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Geomorphological conditions of short-lived glacial lake in the northern part of the Tien Shan.
| Project/Area Number |
16H05642
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Geography
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| Research Institution | Niigata University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
浮田 甚郎 新潟大学, 自然科学系, 教授 (80272459)
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| Research Collaborator |
Tadono Takeo
Yamanokuchi Tsutomu
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 氷河湖 / 土石流 / 氷河災害 / ドローン / 地中レーダー / GIS / リモートセンシング / 天山山脈 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the northern Tien Shan in Kyrgyz Republic, there area many small glacial lakes at glacier fronts. Despite their small sizes, the large drainage from these small glacial lakes causes serious damage. These large drainages are caused by the “short-lived type” of glacial lakes that drastically grow and drain within a few months (Narama et al., 2010). We clarified that the geomorphological conditions which short-lived glacial lakes appear are (i) a debris
landform containing ice at glacier front, (ii) a depression with water supply on a debris landform as a potential lake basin, and (iii) no visible surface outflow channel from the depression, indicating the existence of an ice tunnel (Narama et al., 2018).
We also operated “Early Information Network” system which informs the Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES) of Kyrgyzstan and local people when the new glacial lakes appear. We monitored new lakes for three years using Landsat8/OLI and Sentinel-2 satellite data.
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| Free Research Field |
自然地理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
中央アジアの天山山脈北部地域の短命氷河湖は，1950 年代より発達した巨大な氷河湖を有する東ヒマラヤ地域（ブータンと東ネパール）の氷河湖とは，発達過程も出水過程も大きく異なる新規の氷河湖タイプである．本研究成果を国際学術雑誌で公表したことで，短命氷河湖が世界的にも知れることになった．
また，現地での氷河湖ワークショップや氷河災害セミナーの開催，早期情報伝達ネットワークの運用，キルギスの若手研究者の博士号取得など，現地住民への情報提供や人材育成に関して現地関係者から大きな評価を得ている．2019年6月には，キルギス国立大学の研究者が新潟大学に3ヵ月間滞在するなど，人材育成活動を継続している．
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