2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Analysis of Oceania Oryza genus adapted to the envvironmental condition

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	16H05777
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	海外学術
Research Field	Science in genetics and breeding
Research Institution	Hirosaki University
Principal Investigator	Ishikawa Ryuji 弘前大学, 農学生命科学部, 教授 (90202978)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	一谷勝之鹿児島大学, 農水産獣医学域農学系, 准教授 (10305162) 齊藤大樹国立研究開発法人国際農林水産業研究センター, 熱帯・島嶼研究拠点, 任期付研究員 (10536238) 佐藤洋一郎京都府立大学, 和食文化研究センター, 特任教授 (20145113) 中村郁郎千葉大学, 大学院園芸学研究科, 教授 (50207867)
Project Period (FY)	2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	野生イネ / ゲノム分析 / 種間交雑 / 雑種形成
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We identified evolutionary history of Australian wild rice carrying diploid type, AA genome. There have been annotated two species for AA genome as O. rufipogon and O. meridionalis. The former one is thought to be Asian perennial type. However, we identified they share highly similar chloroplast genome with O. meridionalis although highly established reproductive barrier. In addition, we identified presumed third species, described as Taxon B or Jpn2 as site name. The species are perennial and also share highly similarity for not only chloroplast genome but also nuclear genome to O. meridionalis. The most distinct morphological characteristic is the size of seed. It is significantly larger than both wild species in Australia. We succeeded to identified a single gene inheritance from backcrossing progenies with cultivated rice. The highly possible model to generate the species is the hybrid origin of the two existed species in single population.
Free Research Field	作物育種学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	種間交雑が生じている集団を見出したことと，他殖による戻し交雑が稔性を回復原因であることを遺伝的なマーカーから確認された。この様な種間交雑が多年生であり，かつmeridionalis的なゲノムを有する新種形成につながったものと結論された。形態的な特徴として見出された顕著な大粒については栽培種に戻し交雑により導入でき，2割程度の種子サイズの増加がみられた。このような野生種からの栽培化形質を導入できたことは育種事業を拡大させる社会的な意義がある。