2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Investigation of the collisional dynamics between nanoparticles with an ultralow-velocity collider
| Project/Area Number |
16H06016
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Atomic/Molecular/Quantum electronics
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Institute of Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | ナノ粒子 / オプトメカニクス |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We built an experimental apparatus that can trap nanoparticles in vacuum in an optical lattice formed with an infrared laser and observe their three dimensional motion precisely. With this apparatus, we found that nanoparticles in vacuum tend to have a relatively large charge of about 50 to 200 elementary charges and can be readily manipulated by oscillating electric fields. Furthermore, we demonstrated an efficient cooling method relying on the optical observation of single charged nanoparticles and the application of feedback electric fields that decelerate the amplitude of the nanoparticles’ motion and reached ultralow temperatures in three dimensions. Simultaneously, we established a procedure to properly measure the mass and the charge number of trapped nanoparticles.
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| Free Research Field |
量子光学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究により、真空中の単一荷電ナノ粒子の重心運動を電場によって容易に制御でき、超低温領域まで冷却できることが明らかとなった。この電場冷却の手法をさらに高真空で適用することで、原子・分子よりはるかに大きな粒子の重心運動を量子基底状態付近まで冷却し、今なお未開拓な巨視的物体の量子的振る舞いを明らかにできると期待される。また、本研究により、真空中のナノ粒子は大きな電荷を自発的に持つため、ナノ粒子同士の相互作用はクーロン反発力が支配的であることがわかった。今回確立した実験系は、高い制御性を持つことから、星間物質の形成に関わる荷電ナノ粒子間衝突の物理を実験室内で追究する舞台としても有望である。
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