2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of governing order for the people based on scientific racism in modern Japan : Turn and re-contextualization in Buraku Issues
| Project/Area Number |
16K02224
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
History of thought
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| Research Institution | Shikoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | 人種主義 / 喜田貞吉 / 鳥居龍蔵 / 賀川豊彦 / 生政治 / 統治性 / 被差別部落 / 在米日本人 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study clarified that scientific racism, which had a widespread and strong influence in Europe and the United States in the first half of the 20th century, had a profound shadow on Japan, taking up the case of Buraku issues in Japan. As specific examples, we took up the understanding of Sadakichi Kida, who is known as a pioneer of Buraku history research, and social improvement policies such as the Kankakyusai policy started by the Ministry of Interior. As a result, in these intellectual activities, we found an understanding of the superiority and inferiority of race based on the knowledge of anthropology, criminology, psychiatry,etc.In addition, we will take up the cases where the discriminated parties emigrated abroad in search of a new world, and the ideas and practices that they developed in the form of countering scientific racism, considered about the survival strategy and cultural creation of minority groups during the period.
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| Free Research Field |
日本近現代史、思想史
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
19世紀末から20世紀前半にかけて、欧米では科学的人種主義が広く社会に受容され、マイノリティ集団に対する排除や抑圧が強化されたことが指摘されてきたが、日本においても同様の歴史的変容が起こったのか否かについては、これまで究明されてこなかった。本研究では、部落問題を例として同様の変化が日本国内でも生じていたことを明らかにした。また今後、日本社会における統治のしくみを分析する上で、これをグローバル・ヒストリーのなかに位置付けて考察することの重要性を確認した。
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