2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
A Study on the Construction of Churches by Missionaries of the Foreign Missions of Paris through their Tools and Technologies
| Project/Area Number |
16K06698
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Architectural history/Design
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| Research Institution | Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMADA YUKARI 長崎総合科学大学, 工学部, 教授 (60454948)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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| Keywords | 長崎の教会堂 Churches,Nagasaki / パリ外国宣教会（MEP） / 鉄川与助（Tetsukawa Yosuke) / 大工・川原家（Kawahara family） / Ｊ.Ｈ.ヴォーゲル（J.H.Vogel） / ド・ロ神父（M.M. de Rotz） / Missionary Architect / 五足の靴（Gosokuno-kutsu） |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of this study is construction of churches in Nagasaki by missionaries through their tools and techniques.
There are 1,400 tools of Father de Rotz in the former Shitsu aid center. The weaving tools were brought from France in 1880s. The Kawahara family of carpenters worked with Father de Rotz on the churches and convents in Sotome area. The Kawahara family built 11 churches by 1952. The structure is same, gabled roof, tri-aisle interior, semicircular arch opening and wooden ceiling. The other carpenter Tetsukawa Yosuke built 50 Christian buildings between 1906 and 1951. According to Tetsugawa, the French priest had knowledge and skills in construction. Tetsukawa worked on the site in collaboration with priest.
Joshua Helmes Vogel, 1889-1970, the missionary architect came to Japan 1913-17 and 1925-26. I organized his activities through the Ohio State University collection. The period of the churches completed was also the time of boom in Nanban literature in Japan.
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| Free Research Field |
建築歴史・意匠
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
長崎・九州の教会堂について、大工・川原家３代が手掛けた建築、鉄川与助が手掛けた建築に整理分類することができた。川原家と鉄川与助の各々の建築的特色が明確になった。教会堂建設は宣教師との協同だが、宣教師や大工の特色が教会堂に現れることがより明らかになった。川原家の手掛けた教会堂は明治初期の木造教会堂でもある。活水学院や九州女学院を設計しながらも不明な点が多かったミッショナリーアーキテクト、Ｊ・Ｈ・ヴォーゲルの事績と建物を明らかにできた。大きな成果である。1915年頃に完成形を迎えた長崎の教会堂は、当時の文壇の南蛮文化ブームの只中にあった。建築と文学の関連を示唆する。今後の展開につなげたい。
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