Identification of genetic factors with response to chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell cancer

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16K07217
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Medical genome science
• Research Institution: National Cancer Center Japan
• Principal Investigator: Shiraishi Kouya 国立研究開発法人国立がん研究センター, 研究所, ユニット長 (80609719)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 治療応答性 / 遺伝子変異 / 肺腺がん / 次世代シークエンス

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We performed the targeted sequencing of 51 DNA samples using the Ion AmpliSeqTM Cancer Hotspot Panel v2. As a result of sequencing, genes detected in 5% or more genomic mutation were EGFR and TP53, and 21 patients with EGFR gene mutation and 13 patients with TP53 gene mutation in this study. Patients were divided into two categories: responders were those with complete response and partial response, and non-responders were those with stable disease and progressive disease. Next, we examined whether hotspot mutations in EGFR and TP53 genes were associated with response to chemotherapy in 51 advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Patients with the TP53 mutation tended to better respond to chemotherapy than patients without the TP53 mutation, however, the association was not statistically significance.

Free Research Field

ゲノム生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は進行肺腺がん症例に対する治療効果に関わる遺伝子異常の同定を目的としており、同定された場合より効果の高い治療方法の選択に繋がると考えられる。内科試料よりDNA抽出を行ったが、DNA量並びに質が悪かったため目標症例数まで確保できなかった。しかしEGFR変異陽性肺腺がんでは化学療法応答性が良い傾向が示された。今後は術後再発された症例も加えて解析することで、本結果が再現されるか検証する予定である。