The effects of dietary intake and physical activity during pregnancy on maternal and child health.

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16K16296
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Eating habits
• Research Institution: Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences
• Principal Investigator: Yachi Yoko 千葉県立保健医療大学, 健康科学部, 准教授 (30642821)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 若年女性のやせ / 妊婦 / 妊娠糖尿病 / 耐糖能異常 / 食生活

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Firstly, we examined the utility of combined use of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c in early pregnancy for identification of women at high risk of GDM. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, women with both a FPG value >79mg and HbA1c value >5.2% were at greater risk than other study subjects for GDM incidence (OR 5.85; 1.19-17.20). Our results suggest that FPG and HbA1c in early pregnancy measured together could efficiently target people who are most likely to develop GDM and allow for early intervention.
Secondly, we examined the association between carbohydrate intake and moderately abnormal glucose tolerance in Japanese pregnant women. Therefore, carbohydrate
intake was negatively associated with a positive GCT result. These findings suggest that high carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with moderately abnormal glucose tolerance in a population with a high prevalence of underweight individuals.

Free Research Field

臨床栄養学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

初診時臨床パラメータを用いた妊娠糖尿病発症予測能の検討では、妊娠初期HbA1cと空腹時血糖両者の同時測定は、どちらか単独でのスクリーニングより妊娠糖尿病発症予測能を高められる可能性を示唆し、妊娠時特有の生理的変化を考慮した、妊娠中のHbA1c正常範囲検討の必要性を示した。
妊娠中の炭水化物摂取量と耐糖能異常リスクとの関連の検討では、炭水化物摂取割合が多い群でもっともそのリスクが低いことを見出し、近年注目が集まっているエネルギー摂取量に占める炭水化物摂取割合について、妊婦においては血糖管理目的で炭水化物からのエネルギー摂取を控える必要がないことを示した。