2009 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Brain function for salt homeostasis
| Project/Area Number |
17024056
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | National Institute for Basic Biology |
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Principal Investigator |
NODA Masaharu National Institute for Basic Biology, 統合神経生物学研究部門, 教授 (60172798)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HIYAMA Y. TAKESHI 基礎生物学研究所, 統合神経生物学研究部門, 助教 (90360338)
WATANABE Eiji 基礎生物学研究所, 神経生理学研究室, 准教授 (30250252)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2009
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| Keywords | 細胞・組織 / 神経科学 / 脳・神経 / 生理学 / 体液恒常性 |
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| Research Abstract |
Na_x channels are localized to the circumventricular organs (CVOs), the control loci for the salt and water homeostasis in mammals, where the Nax channel serves as a sodium-level sensor of body fluids. Now findings obtained in the research period are as follows.
(1) Na_x is exclusively localized to perineuronal lamellate processes extended from ependymal cells and astrocytes in CVOs.
(2) Astrocytes in the subfornical organ (SFO), one of the CVOs, sense an increase in the extracellular [Na^+] and moderate the activity of local neurons by using lactate as a signal.
(3) The information of [Na^+] increase detected by Nax does not contribute to the control of vasopressin production/release.
(4) We identified a case with clinical features of "essential hypernatremia", who was diagnosed as a paraneoplastic neurologic disorder. Anti-Na_x autoantibodies were found in the patient serum, and mice injected with the patient's Ig showed symptoms of "essential hypernatremia".
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