2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Analysis of 2000-yr eruption-affected soil microbial ecosystem of Miyake-jima Island
| Project/Area Number |
17310018
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental impact assessment/Environmental policy
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| Research Institution | Ibaraki University |
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Principal Investigator |
OHTA Hiroyuki Ibaraki University, College of Agriculture, Professor (80168947)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KUBOTA Masatsugu Ibaraki University, College of Agriculture, Professor (40007688)
KASAHARA Yasuhiro Hokkaido University, Inst. of Low Temp. Sci., Assoc. Professor (20273849)
HIGASHI Teruo University of Tsukuba, Grad. School of Life Environ. sci., Professor (20094170)
KAMIJYO Takashi University of Tsukuba, Grad. School of Life Environ. sci., Lecturer (10301079)
NANBA Kenji Fukushima University, Faculty of Symbiotic Systematic Sci., Assoc. Professor (70242162)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Keywords | Volcanic ash layer / Iron oxidizers / CO_2 fixation / N_2 fixation / Scoria / Autotrophs / Lithotrophs |
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| Research Abstract |
Miyake-jima Island is situated on western rim of the Pacific Ocean, about 180 km south of Tokyo. Mt. Oyama in the island erupted from July to September 2000, ejecting large amounts of volcanic ash and finally forming a large collapsed crater. Since the formation of the new crater, a large quantity of volcanic gas containing high concentrations of SO_2 and H_2S has been emitted. This study was aimed to characterize such volcano-affected soil ecosystems by culture-based and molecular genetic methods. We focused on the lithotrophic and heterotrophic bacterial communities in the 2000 volcanic ash deposits from an essentially unvegetated site near the crater. The pH of samples ranged from 3.0 to 3.6 and the contents of carbon and nitrogen were 0.03% and 0.01%, respectively. Total microscopic counts of bacteria were between 10^7 and 10^9/g and plate counts of heterotrophic bacteria were 10^6/g. Phylogenetic analysis of isolates and 16S rDNA clone library analysis revealed that the predominant bacteria were Thiomonas (41% of isolates and 5% of clones), Leptospirillum (39% of clones) and Acidithiobacillus (15% of clones). Further, the intact volcanic ash samples had activites of CO_2 and N_2 fixation and the clone library analyses targeting RubisCo and nitrogenase reductase genes revealed the predominance of the genes of Leptospirillum and Acidithiobacillus. The volcanic ash sample was subjected to stable isotope probing by using ^<15>N_2 to demonstrate the occurrence of N_2 fixation by these bacteria. Our results suggested that chemolithoautotrophic bacteria such as Fe oxidizers could be the pioneer organisms in the microbial ecosystem of the fresh volcanic ash deposit and contribute to the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in the fresh volcanic deposits.
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[Presentation] Contribution of iron-oxidizing bacteria to carbon and nitrogen accumulation in recent volcanic ash deposits of Miyake-jima Island,Japan2007
Author(s)
Fujimura, R.・Y., Sato・K., Nanba・T., Kamijyo・H., Kato・Y., Katayama・H., Ohta
Organizer
18th International Symposium on Environmental Biogeochemistry
Place of Presentation
The Great Lake Center,Taupo,NewZealand
Year and Date
2007-11-12
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Presentation] Lithotrophic bacterial community in the 2000-y volcanic ash deposit of the Miyake-jima(Japan)2006
Author(s)
Y., Sato・R., Fujimura・K., Nanba・T., Kato・T., Higashi・T., Kamijyo・Y., Katayama・H., Ohta
Organizer
11th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
Place of Presentation
Austria Center,Vienna,Austria
Year and Date
20060820-25
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Presentation] Microbial ecosystem development in the Miyake-jima(Japan)volcanic deposits ranging from 5 to >800 years old2006
Author(s)
R., Fujimura・Y., Sato・K., Nanba・H., Kato・T., Kato・T., Higashi・T., Kamijyo・Y., Katayama・H., Ohta
Organizer
11th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
Place of Presentation
Austria Center,Vienna,Austria
Year and Date
20060820-25
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Presentation] Microbial ecosystem development in the Miyake-jima (Japan) volcanic deposits ranging from 5 to>800 years old2006
Author(s)
Reiko Fujimura, Yoshinori Sato, Kenji Nanba, Hiromi Kato, Taku Kato, Teruo Higashi, Takashi Kamijyo, Yoko Katayama, and Hiroyuki Ohta
Organizer
11th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
Place of Presentation
Austria Center, Vienna, Austria
Year and Date
20060820-25
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Presentation] Gas-metabolizing activity and bacterial community structure of the Miyake-jima scoria deposits : analysis with samples from differently vegetated sites2006
Author(s)
Reiko Fujimura, Yoshinori Sato, Hongsheng Lu, Hiromi Kato, Yoko Katayama, Kenji Nanba, Taku Kato, Teruo Higashi, Takashi Kamijyo, and Hiroyuki Ohta
Organizer
The Annual Meeting, Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition(2006)
Place of Presentation
Akita Prefectural University
Year and Date
2006-09-06
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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