2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Safety Study on Air Traffic Control by Cognitive Systems Engineering Approach
| Project/Area Number |
17310091
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Social systems engineering/Safety system
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
FURUTA Kazuo The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Engineering, Professor, 大学院工学系研究科, 教授 (50199436)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TAKAHASHI Makoto Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Associate Professor, 大学院工学研究科, 助教授 (00243098)
AOYAMA Hisae Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Air Traffic Management Department, Chief Researcher, 電子航法研究所・航空交通管理領域, 主任研究員 (40392790)
KAGEYAMA Kota Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Air Traffic Management Department, Chief Researcher, 電子航法研究所・航空交通管理領域, 主任研究員 (60392784)
KANNO Taro The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Engineering, Research Associate, 大学院工学系研究科, 助手 (60436524)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2006
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| Keywords | Air Traffic Control / En-Route Air Traffic Control / Human Factors / Ethnomethodology / Task Analysis / Cognitive Model / Situation Awareness / Simulation |
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| Research Abstract |
In order to study human factors of an air traffic control system, an experimental approach was adopted for task analysis of air traffic controllers. Having analyzed experimental data, common patterns were observed in the strategy of the controllers, the common patterns have been characterized as a notion of "routine". A routine is a package of expert knowledge necessary for air traffic controllers to make decisions, which are used to predict situations by pattern matching. Every classes of routines used in the target sector of experiment were extracted and the validity of the idea was confirmed. From the above findings, a cognitive model of a radar controller in en-route air traffic control has been proposed. This model includes perception, comprehension, and prediction stage of controller's cognitive process, and it describes the cognitive process of a radar controller who determined air traffic instructions depending on the situation. In addition, a prototype of ATC controller cognit
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ive simulation system was developed that simulates the cognitive process of a radar controller to demonstrate that the proposed cognitive model is an operable one.
In order to achieve a higher level of safety in aviation, it is important also to improve ATC-pilot coordination. A method for improving cockpit interface for supporting pilot's situation awareness has been proposed. The supporting method is based on pilot's mental model derived through the analysis of pilot's standard operations in practice. Based on the proposed method, a prototype of an improved display has been developed on a PC-based flight simulator. In addition, as an evaluation method for the proposed display, a human-machine system simulation called Pilot Cognitive Simulator (PCS) has been developed. The main purpose of the simulation is detecting problems in display design, especially from the aspect of information contents on HMI, by analyzing interaction processes between pilots' cognition and human-machine interface in simulated line operations. The effectiveness of PCS has been shown in an experimental evaluation of a prototype flight deck display which has been conducted with sequential validation of an expert pilot.
In conclusion, basic findings on human factors of air traffic control were obtained and some technological proposals were made for improving air traffic safety and supporting experts. Less
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