2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Costs and benefits in branching and the mechanical stability of plants
| Project/Area Number |
17370008
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Ecology/Environment
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| Research Institution | Tokyo University of Agriculture |
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Principal Investigator |
HIROSE Tadaki Tokyo University of Agriculture, Department of International Agricultural Development, Professor (90092311)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
IRIE Mami Tokyo University of Agriculture, 国際食料情報学部, Lecturer (80339093)
NAGASHIMA Hisae Tokyo University of Agriculture, 国際食料情報学部, Guest Researcher (20323503)
HIKOSAKA Kouki Tohoku University, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Associate Professor (10272006)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Keywords | Architecture / Branching / Phvtomer / Plant stand / Light use efficiency / Nitrogen use efficiency / Cost-benefit / Mechanical stability |
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| Research Abstract |
Plant architecture is gross morphology pertaining to light interception and mechanical stability of plants. We aimed to test the hypothesis that plants develop their leaves to efficiently intercept light in a given environment. Plants were grown solitarily or in dense stands to have different light climates.
In the first two years, we conducted an experiment using an annual Chenopodium album. We described the architecture of solitary and dense-stand plants and analyzed their growth. From leaf area distribution, we calculated light interception of the plants. To describe plant architecture, we used phytomers, a unit of plant growth each composed of an internode, petiole and leaf blade. Differences in branching pattern and resource use between solitary and dense-stand plants were analyzed. Dense-stand plants were thinner and taller than solitary plants. Solitary plants produced more and longer branches. Dense-plants grew taller at the expense of mechanical stability. Light use efficiency was higher and nitrogen use efficiency was lower in dense-stand plants than solitary plants.
From the second year, we used another annual species Xanthium canadense to identify factors involved in extension growth and in mechanical stability of plants. We measured the elastic modulus and breaking stress of internodes and found that both were lower in solitary than dense-stand plants but that the safety factor against buckling was larger in solitary plants due to their lower statue. There were positive correlations between elastic modulus, breaking stress and dry mass density of internodes, but the regressions were significantly different between solitary and dense-stand plants.
Relationships between the relative elongation rate and water content of internodes were analyzed. There was a strong correlation between water content and dry mass density of internodes. This relationship was derived with a simple model that includes density of dry mass and fraction of air space as parameters.
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Research Products
(111 results)
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[Journal Article] Reproductive yield of individuals competing for light in a dense stand of an annual, Xanthium canadense2008
Author(s)
Matsumoto, Y., Oikawa, S., Yasumura, Y., Hirose, T., Hikosaka, K
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Journal Title
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Terrestrial ecosystems in Monsoon Asia : scaling up from shoot module to watershed2007
Author(s)
Kohyama, T., Yoshioka, T., Urabe, J., Hikosaka, K., Sugimoto, A., Shibata, H., Wada, E
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Journal Title
In : Canadel J, Pataki D, Pitelka L (eds) Terrestrial ecosystems in a changing world., Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Pages: 285-296
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Seasonal changes in temperature dependence of photosynthetic rate in rice under a free-air CO_2 enrichment2006
Author(s)
Borjigidai, A., Hikosaka, K., Hirose, T., Hasegawa, T., Okada, M., Kobayashi, K
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Journal Title
Annals of Botany 97
Pages: 549-557
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Plant responses to elevated CO_2 concentration at different scales : leaf, whole plant, canopy, and population2005
Author(s)
Hikosaka, K., Onoda, Y., Kinugasa, K., Anten, NPR., Nagashima, H., Hirose, T
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Journal Title
Ecological Research 20
Pages: 243-253
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Time of flowering, costs of reproduction, and reproductive output in annuals2005
Author(s)
Hirose, T., Kinugasa, T., Shitaka, Y
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Journal Title
In : Reekie EG, Bazzaz FA (eds) Reproductive Allocation in Plants. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, USA
Pages: 159-188
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Modulation ofleaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate2005
Author(s)
Wright, IJ., Cornelissen, JHC., Falster, DS., Groom, PK., Hikosaka, K., Lee, W., Lusk, CH., Niinemets, U., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Reich, PB, Warton, DI., Westoby, M
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Journal Title
Global Ecology and Biogeography 14
Pages: 411-421
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships2005
Author(s)
Wright, IJ., Reich, PB., Cornelissen, JHC., Falster, DS., Gamier, E., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, BB., Lee, W., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Villar, R., Warton, DI., Westoby, M
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Journal Title
New Phytologist 166
Pages: 485-496
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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