2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Development of a novel nasal vaccine having wide spectrum activity for upper respiratory infections
| Project/Area Number |
17390463
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Otorhinolaryngology
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| Research Institution | Kagoshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
KURONO Yuichi Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Professor (80153427)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MATSUNE Shoji Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Associate Professor (00253899)
NISHIMOTO Kengo Kagoshima University, Medical and Dental Hospital, Senior Assistant Professor (50305132)
FUKUIWA Tatsuya Kagoshima University, Medical and Dental Hospital, Senior Assistant Professor (60325785)
ODA Hiroshi Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Professor (40107868)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2005 – 2007
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| Keywords | Phosphorylcholine / Intra-nasal vaccine / Wide spectrum vaccine / Mucosal immunity / Mucosal adjuvant / IgA / Haemophilus influenzae / Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Immunogenicity of phosphorylcholine (PC). PC-specific antibody activities in serum obtained from patients with acute epiglottitis and peri-tonsillar abscess were examined by ELISA. The results showed increased antibody titers against PC, suggesting that PC has immunogenicity and an ability to induce protecting antibodies.
2. Relationship between the expression of PC and bacterial virulence. The expression of PC on bacterial surfaces determined by ELISA was significantly increased in log-phase and decreased in lag-phase. Further, the adherence ability of bacteria highly expressing PC was greater than that of bacteria scarcely expressing PC. Those findings indicate that PC is associated with the phase variation of bacteria and the virulence of bacteria.
3. Mucosal immune responses against PC PC was intra-nasally administered to mice and mucosal as well as systemic immune responses were investigated. The results demonstrated that PC is capable of inducing IgA immune responses in nasal mucosa. The immune responses had impact on wide spectrum of bacteria including Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumonia. However, IgE immune responses against cholera toxin, mucosal adjuvant administered with PC, as well as PC were reduced, indicating the safety of PC as mucosal vaccine.
4. Development of new mucosal adjuvant CpG and Flt3-ligand are known to activate dendritic cell and are candidates of mucosal adjuvant. When both CpG and Flt3-ligand were intra-nasally administered to mice with ovalbumin, Th1- and Th2-type immune responses were induced and long-lasting IgA as well as IgG immune responses were observed. The results suggest that PC might be a candidate of mucosal vaccine having wide spectrum activity against most bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumonia causing upper respiratory infections.
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