グリシン作動性興奮性受容体は対称性と非対称性のどちらのシナプスに発現するか?

2005 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17650087
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: 渡辺 雅彦 北海道大学, 大学院・医学研究科, 教授 (70210945)
• Keywords: グルタミン酸受容体 / NMDA受容体 / NR3 / シナプス / 免疫電顕

Research Abstract

「グルタミン酸作動性の興奮性シナプスはシナプス後部の肥厚が著しい非対称性シナプスで、GABAやグリシン作動性の抑制性シナプスは対称性シナプスである」という概念がある。ところが、NMDA型グルタミン酸受容体の単離とその機能発現解析から、NR3サブユニットはNR1サブユニットと会合してグリシン作動性の興奮性受容体を形成することが報告された。そこで、本研究では、NR3サブユニットが分布するシナプスの形態学的特徴と神経回路における局在を明らかにし、終末から放出される伝達物質を特定し、NR3を含有する受容体のサブユニット構成を明らかにすることを目的とした。
本年度の研究推進により、NR3Aに特異的な抗体の作成に成功した。これを用いてシナプス解析を行ったところ、現在までに、NR3Aは小脳登上線維と抑制性ニューロンの樹状突起との間に形成される対称性シナプスに分布していることが明らかとなっている。すなわち、グルタミン酸を放出する興奮性シナプスで、対称性シナプスに分布するという事実は、従来の「興奮性伝達物質/非対称性シナプス、抑制性伝達物質/対称性シナプス」という概念の例外となる可能性がでてきた。今後、NR3と会合するサブユニットの同定や、他の脳領域でも同様であるのかなど、検証する必要性がある。

Research Products

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  • Journal Title: Mol.Cell.Neurosci. (in press)
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  • Journal Title: Nature Neurosci. 8 Pages: 1534-1541
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  • Author(s): Iwanaga, T., Goto, M., Watanabe, M.
  • Journal Title: Biomed.Res. 26 Pages: 271-278