2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Fertility, Marriage and Female Labor Supply: Implications for Public Policy in Aging Societies
| Project/Area Number |
17H02537
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Public finance/Public economy
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| Research Institution | National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
Hsu Minchung 政策研究大学院大学, 政策研究科, 准教授 (20467062)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
藤本 淳一 政策研究大学院大学, 政策研究科, 准教授 (00507907)
Chen Stacey 東京大学, 大学院公共政策学連携研究部・教育部, 教授 (40785680)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | fertility / marriage / labor supply |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We have developed two main research projects under this Kakenhi. The first project is to study marriage and fertility decisions in Japan and derive meaningful implications on population policy. We developed a life-cycle model and conducted experiments to explore the effects of changes in education and labor market conditions on marriage and fertility. Our findings suggest that a worsened labor market condition affects men’s marriage decisions significantly which may reduce the marriage rate as well as the aggregate fertility rate in the long run.
The second project is to study female labor supply and tax reforms in Japan. There were reforms on the spousal tax deductions conducted in 2004 and 2018. The aim of this project is to investigate the effects of these reforms on the female labor supply and discuss if alternative designs of spousal tax deduction can be more effective in encouraging female labor supply.
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| Free Research Field |
Macroeconomics
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
Japan is an aging society with a long life expectancy and a low fertility rate. This study delivers useful implications on how to improve fertility and the labor force in Japan. The findings emphasize the influence of the labor market/tax on marriage decisions, fertility, and female labor supply.
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