2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Historical Research on Society, Family, and Gender in Traditional China Based on the Survey of Ancient Tombs in the Song Dynasty

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	17H04525
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	海外学術
Research Field	History of Asia and Africa
Research Institution	Shimane University
Principal Investigator	SASAKi MEGUMI 島根大学, 学術研究院人文社会科学系, 教授 (00362905)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	戸田裕司常葉大学, 外国語学部, 教授 (10242794) 小川快之国士舘大学, 文学部, 教授 (10400798) 大澤正昭公益財団法人東洋文庫, 研究部, 研究員 (30113187) 石川重雄公益財団法人東洋文庫, 研究部, 研究員 (50636678)
Project Period (FY)	2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywords	中国 / 墓葬 / 家族 / ジェンダー
Outline of Final Research Achievements	During the research period, we conducted a field survey of tombs in Fujian, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang, focusing on Song tombs, and conducted research on 32 tombs. As a result of our research, we found that in these regions, it is common to have a single burial site for each family member, rather than a family cemetery. This fact differs from Shuzo Shiga's "Principles of Chinese Family Law," which is a well-known book in this field, and indicates that the same burial ceremony for husband and wife, which supports one of the three principles of Shiga's Family Law, "togetherness of husband and wife," had not been established. Furthermore, the various cases in which mothers and children were buried in close proximity to each other also contradict the "Principles of Chinese Family Law," indicating the need to reexamine the "Principles of Chinese Family Law" under the aspect of regional deviations.
Free Research Field	東洋史学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	現在の中国ではその強い父系制の親族観念が様々な社会問題を惹起していることで知られる。そして斯界の名著である滋賀秀三『中国家族法の原理』は、中国の強い父系制の家族法は漢から清まで二千余年にもわたり基本的に一貫していると説く。しかし我々は中国での墓の現地調査によって、『中国家族法の原理』が立論の根拠としていた事象が宋代中国南方にはあてはまらないことを明らかにすることができた。これまで二千年間一律とされてきた中国の家族法にあっても歴史的地域的に変化するジェンダー（社会的文化的性）の観点から捉えられることを示せた研究である。