Hologenome analyses of microbiota in periodontitis and peri-implantitis

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17H06662
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Periodontology
• Research Institution: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• Principal Investigator: Shiba Takhiko 東京医科歯科大学, 歯学部附属病院, 特任助教 (90802306)
• Research Collaborator: TAKEUCHI yasuo ; WATANABE takayasu ; KOYANAGI tatsuro
• Project Period (FY): 2017-08-25 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周炎 / インプラント周囲炎 / メタゲノム解析 / 次世代シーケンサー / ネットワーク解析 / 複合感染症 / Dysbiosis

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Plaque samples were obtained from the site of peri-implantitis and periodontitis in the same oral cavity. Genomic information of the bacteria from the sites was comprehensively analyzed. These analysis results were compared and we clarified the causes of difference between the two diseases.
DNA was extracted from the samples. Metagenomic analysis was performed to analyze whole genome information and meta 16S rDNA analysis was performed to specify the bacterial species. The results were integrated and the network analysis was performed.
The profiles of bacterial species were similar in the two diseases.However, the core network structures, the bacterial species that form the core network structure, and the functional composition of the microbiome were different in both diseases.

Free Research Field

歯周病学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

インプラント周囲炎は歯周炎と類似した臨床症状を呈するが、インプラント周囲炎は歯周炎に比べ罹患率が高い。加えて、歯周炎では有効な治療効果が得られた方法を駆使しても必ずしも良好な結果が得られないことが報告されている。歯周炎は様々な全身疾患との関連が考えられており、インプラント周囲炎に関与する細菌もまた全身の健康に影響を与えると推測される。本研究により疾患特異的な代謝状態、具体的な病原細菌叢のもつ機能を評価し、治療の標的となる細菌種、機能遺伝子を特定し新規予防・治療法の開発を行う。インプラント周囲炎原因の究明と新規治療法開発は喫緊の課題であり、本研究は国民の今後のQOL向上に寄与すると考えられる。