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2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The Recent Trend of Risks in Insueds and the Legal Construction to Insurance Policies

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 17K03491
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Civil law
Research InstitutionRitsumeikan University

Principal Investigator

Takehama Osamu  立命館大学, 法学部, 教授 (40188214)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 山下 典孝  青山学院大学, 法学部, 教授 (00278087)
土岐 孝宏  中京大学, 法学部, 教授 (70434561)
Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywords保険者免責 / 故意免責 / 重過失免責 / 自殺免責 / 意思能力の減退 / 自動運転 / 主観的危険
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The application of suicide exclusion clauses in life insurance policies is affected by whether the insureds are sane or insane. A huge number of precedents in Germany have treated this problem, and keep rigid attitude against suicides of insureds with not so heavy psychiatric disorder. Things are same in Japan.
In accident insurance policies, a problem could be if the insureds with dementing disorder can act like a reasonable man. If such insureds can still act with not denying their mental capacity, they could be responsible for their gross negligence.
The Laws and Rules of Road Transportation in Japan have been reformed in 2019 and 2020 in order to keep up with automated cars of SAE Level 3. Japanese present car insurance policies are still available to this type of automated cars.

Free Research Field

商法、保険法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

各種の保険契約の被保険者の故意や過失(とくに重過失)の事故という主観的危険は、通常の意思能力の存在を前提にしているが、精神疾患など問題を抱える被保険者において、どこまでを想定範囲として保険契約上対応すべきか、この区切りを検討した点で、意義がある。
他方、高度な情報通信技術を用いた機器が国民の生活に浸透する中で、自動運転車も間もなく身近な存在となるであろう。そのとき、被保険者の主観的危険に基づく事故について保険契約はどこまでのカバーを想定するのか。故意の事故はカバーされないとしても、重過失事故は、現在のわが国の自動車保険であれば、これを多くカバーするであろうことを明らかにした意義がある。

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Published: 2022-01-27  

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