2019 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Japanese Self-Initiated Expatriation: Lessons for Entrepreneurship and Education in Asia
| Project/Area Number |
17K03948
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| Research Institution | Toyo Gakuen University |
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Principal Investigator |
横山 和子 東洋学園大学, 現代経営学部, 教授 (50230660)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
バーチュリ セーラ 東洋学園大学, 現代経営学部, 教授 (50508562)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
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| Keywords | Entrepreneurship / Japanese / Expatriation / South East Asia / Emerging Economy / Entrepreneurship Policy / Self-Initiation / Career Education |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
Declining birthrate, aging of society, and economic decline have been long-term issues in Japan. Unlike Japan's situation, emerging economies continue to experience remarkable economic growth. Lessons can be learned by how Japanese people live and do business in these areas. We conducted interviews with 51 Japanese entrepreneurs in seven SE Asian countries: Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam publishing our findings with Springer, in Transnational Entrepreneurship in SE Asia.
We found that Japanese self-initiated expatriate entrepreneurs are exceptional individuals in that they not only exhibit a strong entrepreneurial mindset but also a global mindset that sets them apart from regular Japanese. They recognize opportunities around them, thanks to the experiences they have had since they were young. The most profound finding was that they exhibit a high degree of self-efficacy, which we argue arises from their experiences. They make efforts to embed themselves in their new communities as they negotiate their multiple identities. In addition, they have a set of competencies that they continue to develop. The SIEEs are likely to encounter more uncontrollable risks while living and working abroad compared with ones who live and work in their home countries. We could motivate overseas researchers to better understand Japanese HRM and entrepreneurship; challenging stereotypes of traditional employment practices. We also make recommendations for career and entrepreneurship education to better prepare Japanese young people for the future.
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