2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
A Historical Study on Relationships between Education and Religion: with a Reference to Meanings of the Modernization of Japan for Buddhism Priests
| Project/Area Number |
17K04554
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Education
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| Research Institution | Okayama University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 寺院 / 僧侶 / 近代化 / 人間形成 / 寺子屋 / 私塾 / 手書き文書 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research is to explore the situation and characteristics of education development from the 18th century to the 19th century, staying educational folkways and patterns of early-modern in the tide of the modern times in Japan. I discussed education from a viewpoint of a relationship with religion particularly and pointed out that, first, the condition of being closely connected to each other was one of the essence of a certain matter on education as human development through modernization of Japanese society, second, religious people, especially Buddhism priests each fulfilled often not only a doctrinal and courtesy role but also an educational and academic one.
Primary historical documents included handwritten manuscripts at local temples were gathered and analyzed diligently.
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| Free Research Field |
教育史
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
教育が政治、経済、文化、科学などの要素と関連して成立する領域であり、宗教も教育と切り離し得ない要素であることを、歴史研究を通じて論及した。前近代社会における教育と宗教の混交状況はもちろんであるが、近代移行期においても宗教が人間形成に果たす意義は分厚い。社会教育における宗教性は無論、学校教育においてもそれは認めうる。
江戸時代の寺子屋から明治時代の学校への移行は、教育を制度化するものであり、ほぼ世俗化を意味した。しかし、教育や学問という「知」の担い手としての仏教者（僧侶）は、近代学校の教師の一角を占めた。特定教義を教える宗教教育ではなく、精神の「潤」の加味として宗教教育を捉える視点も指摘した。
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