Research and Development for the Social Implementation of Matching System of Disaster Relief Goods

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17K06591
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Civil engineering project/Traffic engineering
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: Fukumoto Junya 東北大学, 情報科学研究科, 准教授 (30323447)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 物資集中問題 / マッチングシステム / 人道支援ロジスティクス / 費用配分

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, research and development was undertaken for the social implementation of a matching system that is effective in preventing secondary disasters caused by the concentration of a large amount and variety of goods in a disaster area after a large-scale disaster occurs. First, a matching algorithm that takes into account vehicle routing and cost allocation was developed. Second, the use incentives of potential users and the resulting equilibrium state were analysed using a game theoretic model, and the results of the theoretical analysis were verified through economic experiments. The results revealed the existence of an inferior equilibrium in which the matching system is not fully utilised, and that the use of a matching algorithm that minimises the variance of the allocation rate of those who offer to donate goods is effective in preventing such an equilibrium.

Free Research Field

土木計画学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

大規模な災害が起きると被災地に大量かつ多種類の義援物資が送られるのですが，これにより現地に更なる混乱が生じてしまいます．この問題を防ぐための有効な方策としてWEB空間上に実装されたマッチングシステムを利用することで必要な物資を必要な量だけ被災地に届けることが考えられます．しかし，多くの方が善意により物資を提供したいため，MSを利用せずに物資を届けようとする方が大勢います．その結果，MSが効果的に機能されなくなる可能性があります．本研究では，物資提供を試みる方々がMSを利用するインセンティブや実現する状態について分析するとともに，MSの利用率を向上させる方策について検討しました．