Construction of a 3D tumor bank of pancreaticobiliary cancer for personalized medicine

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17K09465
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Gastroenterology
• Research Institution: Yokohama City University
• Principal Investigator: Sugimori Kazuya 横浜市立大学, 附属市民総合医療センター, 講師 (20448666)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 芝田 渉 横浜市立大学, 医学研究科, 客員准教授 (00435819) ; 前田 愼 横浜市立大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (40415956)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 膵癌 / オルガノイド / 超音波内視鏡

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Chemotherapy for advanced unresectable biliary tract cancer and pancreatic cancer is not yet sufficiently useful. And, the identification of new therapeutic target molecules and the effective use of existing chemotherapy regimens are urgently needed in clinical practice. The main purpose of this study was to establish three-dimensional cancer organoid culture panel from biopsy samples, and an assay system for drug screening experiments.
Although bacterial contamination made it difficult, we finally succeeded in culturing 16 of the 20 cases of advanced pancreatic cancer, using endoscopic ultrasound guided-fine needle aspiration biopsy tissue. Using DNA extracted from organoid culture lines, detailed NGS analysis could be performed. It was also useful in proliferation assays with existing anticancer drugs and inhibitors, either alone or in combination.

Free Research Field

消化器内科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

従来の研究手法では樹立された培養細胞株を用いた解析が行われてきたが，細胞株の樹立には主に手術検体が利用され，また長時間を要することから，いわゆるbench-to-bedsideへの応用は不可能であった．さらに，多くの化学療法の対象となる患者において手術は行われず，十分な量の組織を得ることは困難であった．一方，EUS-FNAは低侵襲的な手技として確立されており，その採取検体からの細胞培養系の確立は，これまで困難であった手術不能進行癌患者における薬剤感受性解析や，新規治療標的分子の同定，更には個別化医療を試みる上で，極めて有用であると考える．