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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Induction of the responsible antigen-specific regulatory T cells in type 1 diabetes

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 17K09854
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Metabolomics
Research InstitutionUniversity of Toyama (2019)
National Center for Global Health and Medicine (2017-2018)

Principal Investigator

Chujo Daisuke  富山大学, 学術研究部医学系, 特命教授 (30640528)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Keywords1型糖尿病 / 自己免疫 / T細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The aim of this study is to identify islet antigen-specific T cell responses in the three subtypes of type 1 diabetes (T1D); acute onset (AT1D), slowly progressive (SP1D), and fulminant T1D (FT1D); and to induce the responsible antigen-specific regulatory T cells. We found that islet antigen-specific Th1 responses were up-regulated in AT1D and FT1D, and the specific Tr1 cell responses were diminished in FT1D. Furthermore, FT1D displayed the highest frequencies of islet antigen-specific CD8 T cells among the three subtypes of T1D. We are currently trying the induction of the antigen-specific regulatory T cells by using autologous dendritic cells that were differentiated from monocyte by using cytokines and educated with the responsible antigen peptides.

Free Research Field

糖尿病・代謝学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

1型糖尿病は自己免疫による膵島細胞(インスリン分泌細胞)の破壊よって発症する疾患であるが、原因不明な点が多い。本研究では、1型糖尿病の各タイプ(急性発症型、緩徐進行型、劇症型)では自己免疫反応が異なり、急性発症型や劇症型では膵島細胞の破壊に関与する病原性の免疫反応が強いことを発見した。また劇症型では自己免疫を制御するブレーキの働きが弱っていることも判明した。この研究データをもとに1型糖尿病の発症に関わる自己免疫反応を抑えることが可能かどうかについて患者の血液を用いて研究を続けており、これが達成されれば自己免疫による膵島細胞の破壊を防ぐような新しい治療法の開発につながる可能性がある。

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Published: 2021-02-19  

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