Resistant mechanisms and models by evading anti-leukemia immunity

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17K09953
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Hematology
• Research Institution: National Cancer Center Japan
• Principal Investigator: Minami Yosuke 国立研究開発法人国立がん研究センター, 東病院, 科長 (60513752)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 白血病 / 分子標的療法 / 抗腫瘍免疫

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using cells derived from patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia; AML, we examined Treg cells and immune effects on leukemia by FCM and NGS assays.
Tumor cells use immune-checkpoint pathways to evade the host immune system and suppress immune cell function. These cells express programmed cell-death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-L2, which bind to the programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) present on cytotoxic T cells, trigger inhibitory signaling, and reduce cytotoxicity and T-cell exhaustion. Immune-checkpoint blockade can inhibit this signal and may serve as an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with solid tumors. Several trials have been conducted on immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with leukemia. We examine the biomarker during PD-1 antibody therapy.

Free Research Field

白血病分子標的療法

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

急性骨髄性白血病（Acute Myeloid Leukemia; AML）において、再発率の高さが臨床上の問題点であり、治療後の残存と耐性機序の解明が求められている。
PD-1抗体（ニボルマブ）の新たな効果/抵抗性のマーカーについて明らかにすることは、新たな治療法の進歩につながる。