2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Public Health, Freedom and Rights in 19th Century England
| Project/Area Number |
17K13601
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Fundamental law
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| Research Institution | Okinawa International University (2019-2022)
Meiji University (2017-2018) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 公衆衛生 / 自由 / 権利 / イギリス / 19世紀 / チャドウィック / 隔離 / 良き市民 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study explores the grounds and limits of the law's ability to enforce public health measures by examining the dilemma between public health and freedom and rights in 19th century England. Specifically, this study examines (1) the significance of prevention in the thought of Chadwick, who led the public health movement in the first half of the 19th century, (2) the background and significance of mandatory vaccination and its opposition in the mid-19th century, (3) the shift to a prevention policy based on early detection and early isolation, centering on notification and isolation, in the latter half of the 19th century, and (4) the theory of "good citizenship" that supported public health in the latter half of the 19th century. These analyses were published in the form of articles and academic presentations. In addition, a workshop entitled "Rethinking the Governance of Contagious Diseases" was held at Annual Conference of the Japan Association of Legal Philosophy.
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| Free Research Field |
法哲学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
この研究は2016年に企画され2017年にスタートした。最初は新興感染症の度重なる流行について考察するために企画されたものだったが、2019年のCOVID-19の流行によって、より社会的意義は深まった。COVID-19の公衆衛生対策でも問題になったように、どの程度まで自由を制限し、また義務づけができるかということは、まだ世界中で模索されている段階であり、そうした考察のためには、現代の倫理や法の見地からだけではなく、過去の歴史から学ぶ必要がある。そのような観点から、本研究は公衆衛生と自由のジレンマについて考察するための基礎的な土台を提供するものである。
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