2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
The effect of time based fare pricing on commuting railway
| Project/Area Number |
17K13725
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Economic policy
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| Research Institution | National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
Morioka Takuro 政策研究大学院大学, 政策研究科, 講師 (80725507)
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| Research Collaborator |
MATSUMOTO ryosuke
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | Crowding cost / Externality / Discrete choice / Endogeneity of crowding / Mixed logit / Simulation |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
I estimated crowding cost of morning train commute in Tokyo. Estimates show that there is little crowding cost when crowding is light, such as 4 passengers per meter squares. However, as crowding increase from 4/meter square, crowding cost increase more than proportionately. In particular, elder commuters suffer larger crowding cost. When a person ride crowded train, a person suffer from crowding, but other commuters are also suffered from a person’s ride because it makes crowding a bit more severe (negative externality). From our estimates, when crowding is severe enough, how much more other commuters suffer from a person’s ride almost doubles how much a person suffers.
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| Free Research Field |
都市経済学、交通経済学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
学術的意義としては、混雑の内生性を考慮して混雑の不効用を推定していることである。混雑の内生性とは、混雑は避けたいものであるが、通勤者がたくさん同じ時間帯に通勤することを選んだことにより混雑が生じるため、あたかも通勤者が混雑の時間帯を好んで選んでいるように誤って推定してしまうことである。始業時刻をうまく使うことでこの問題を避けている。社会的意義としては混雑の不効用を金銭的に定量化したことで、通勤混雑に対して時間帯別混雑料金等を導入した場合の効果を測ることが可能となったことである。
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