2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Identification of chitin receptors and signal molecules involved in Th2 type immune response induction
| Project/Area Number |
17K15733
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Immunology
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| Research Institution | Kagoshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
Ei'ichi Iizasa 鹿児島大学, 医歯学域医学系, 助教 (20631998)
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| Research Collaborator |
Nagano Yukio
Mitsutomi Masaru
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-04-01 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | キチン / PRR / ２型免疫応答 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Chitin is a polysaccharide included in the exoskeleton of house dust mites, shrimps, and crabs. Although Chitin is known to induce allergy responses (Type II immune responses), the mechanisms underlying the chitin recognition and the induction of immune responses remains unknown.
The pattern recognition receptors called TLR2 and Dectin-1 are known to the receptor for chitin. However, in this study, we found that these receptors are dispensable for the induction of type II immune responses. We also found a novel receptor named LMP1 that recognizes chitin and is essential for the regulation of immune receptor induced by chitin.
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| Free Research Field |
免疫学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
近年、アレルギー疾患は増加しているが、アレルギーのジャッキメカニズムはまだ不明な点が多い。キチンは、ダニやエビ・カニに含まれアレルギー反応(2型免疫応答)を誘導するがそのメカニズムは不明であった。今回その受容体候補として、新規受容体LMP1を同定した。LMP1はキチンを認識し、キチンによって誘導される免疫応答を負に制御することが明らかとなった。現時点2での2型免疫応答への関与は不明であるが、今後、この欠損マウスを作製し、2型免疫応答への関与を解析し、その関与が明らかになった場合は、キチンによって誘導されるアレルギー反応における重要な発見である可能性がある。
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