2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of novel strategies to improve brain diseases including psychiatric and anxiety-related disorders and addiction by targeting and manipulating hippocampus-dependent memory
| Project/Area Number |
17K19464
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Neuroscience and related fields
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| Research Institution | Tokyo University of Agriculture |
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Principal Investigator |
Kida Satoshi 東京農業大学, 生命科学部, 教授 (80301547)
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| Research Collaborator |
Ishikawa Rie
Uchida Chiaki
Minami Ayaka
Nagayoshi Taikai
Fukushima Hotaka
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-06-30 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 記憶忘却 / 神経新生 / 海馬 / トラウマ記憶 / PTSD / 薬物依存症 / 恐怖記憶 / 記憶消去 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To develop new methods to improve depression and/or anxiety-related behaviors associated with traumatic episodes (Post traumatic stress disorders; PTSD) and drug addiction associated with memory for drug abuse, memory forgetting effects of adult hippocampal neurogenesis enhancer such as Memantine (antagonist for NMDA receptor) were examined using social defeat (SD) stress paradigms and conditioned place preference by nicotine in mice. Memantine treatments once a week for 4 weeks following SD treatment for 10 days not only enhanced forgetting of social avoidance memory to stressor but also improves anxiety-like behaviors, suggesting that neurogenesis enhancer improves PTSD-like behaviors via memory forgetting effects. This memantine treatment also enhanced forgetting of conditioned place memory by nicotine. Taken together, these observations raise the possibility that PTSD and drug addiction are improved though memory forgetting effects of hippocampal neurogenesis enhancers.
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| Free Research Field |
神経科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
現在、PTSDや薬物依存症に有効な治療薬はなく、その治療に認知行動療法が用いられているが、その治療は長期間にわたり、患者と医師双方の負担が大きい。本課題で提言した海馬神経新生エンハンサーによる記憶忘却促進法は、神経新生促進剤を服用するだけで、ストレスや薬物記憶を忘却させて症状を軽減するものであり、認知行動療法を必要としない点でメリットが大きい。しかも、忘却を人為的に誘導するとは言え、海馬神経新生は運動によっても促進されるため、ヒトが先天的に備えている記憶忘却能力を用いて、トラウマや薬物記憶を弱めているに過ぎない。従って、本方法により、患者の負担が少なく、体に優しい治療が可能になると考えられる。
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