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2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Identification of PD-1 blocked responsive genes and functional analysis based on tumor eradication system in vivo.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 17K19593
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Research Field Tumor biology and related fields
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Chamoto Kenji  京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定准教授 (50447041)

Project Period (FY) 2017-06-30 – 2019-03-31
KeywordsPD-1 / がん免疫 / CRISPR
Outline of Final Research Achievements

PD-1 blockade cancer immunotherapy revolutionized the cancer treatment. However, there are still substantial population unresponsive to the therapy, and to elute the unresponsive mechanism is urgently necessary. Although many researchers try to identify the responsible genes through genome sequencing and/or in vitro screening using patients' samples, these studies are hampered by several reasons. We established a screening system of responsible genes by combining the CRISPR-based cell library derived from mono cell line and the selection system of tumors through anti-tumor immunity in vivo. Using this system, we identified several tumor genes associated with responsiveness to the PD-1 blockade immunotherapy.

Free Research Field

がん免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

PD-1抗体がん免疫治療はその治療効果が注目され様々ながん腫に適応されているが、その一方で不応答性の患者の多く存在する。PD-1抗体は高価な薬のため医療経済を圧迫する恐れもある。早急にPD-1抗体に対する有効性を判断するバイオマーカーとのその分子のがん治療における意義を解明し、不応答性患者を救済する手段を考案する必要がある。我々はこれまでのスクリーニンスシステムの問題を改善し、新しい遺伝子スクリーニングシステムを開発した。このシステムをマウスモデルに用い、PD-1抗体治療の治療効果を規定する複数の腫瘍由来遺伝子を同定した。これらの結果は、今後の不応答性原因の解明に大きく貢献するものである。

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Published: 2020-03-30  

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