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2006 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

宇宙黎明期の恒星の研究と宇宙開闢史の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18104003
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

藤本 正行  北海道大学, 大学院・理学研究院, 教授 (00111708)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 野本 憲一  東京大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (90110676)
小笹 隆司  北海道大学, 大学院・理学研究院, 教授 (90263368)
青木 和光  国立天文台, 光赤外研究部, 助手 (20321581)
辻 隆  東京大学, 名誉教授 (20011546)
須田 拓馬  東京大学, ビッグバン宇宙国際研究センター, 学術研究員 (90374735)
Keywords恒星進化 / 超新星爆発 / 核種合成 / 星間麈形成 / 星形成 / 初期宇宙 / 第一世代の恒星 / 超金属欠乏星
Research Abstract

本年度は本研究の初年度であり、各グループが協力しつつ、宇宙最初の星を含む宇宙黎明期の恒星の特性を理論、観測両面から研究、宇宙開闢史の解明の基礎となる理論的な枠組みの構築と観測データの収集・分析を遂行した。
理論面では、宇宙黎明期の情報の担い手である低質量の超金属欠乏星について、連星系での進化も考慮して表面組成の特異性の起源についての新しいシナリオを提起し、宇宙黎明期の恒星の初期質量関数、および、その形成過程等について知見が得られることを示した。一方、大質量星の超新星爆発に関しては、超金属欠乏星で観測される元素組成の違いが初期の質量と爆発エネルギーの違いで説明できることを示すとともに、これらの違いは超新星に付随するガンマ線バーストの性質の多様性とも関わっているという新モデルを提唱した。星形成、物質循環の鍵となる星間塵に関しても、宇宙初期の超新星爆発時に形成された残骸中での進化と星間空間への供給過程を解明し、超新星爆発で形成された高密度のガス殻中で形成される第2世代星への影響について議論した。
観測面では、すばる望遠鏡による観測をもとに、金属量がより低い領域の星の組成測定を進める一方、炭素過剰金属欠乏星の組成測定の総括的なまとめを行い、アルファ元素に組成異常を示す星の詳細解析の成果を発表した。また、米国のグループと協同、SDSSのサーベイ結果を利用して超金属欠乏星の同定する観測プロジェクトを開始した。
超金属欠乏星データベースに関しては、システムの構築を終え、既知の超金属欠乏星の高分散分光観測の情報を網羅して一応完成、これを用いて宇宙黎明期の恒星の観測的な特性の分析に着手した。
これ等の成果を踏まえて、研究会を開き、成果を交流、今後の方針を議論するとともに、東大、北大、甲南大学、理化学研究所等の原子核研究グループと宇宙開闢史の解明にかかわる核種合成過程の研究での協同の可能性について協議した。

  • Research Products

    (54 results)

All 2007 2006

All Journal Article (54 results)

  • [Journal Article] The Origin of Carbon-Enhancement and Initial Mass Function of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Galactic Halo2007

    • Author(s)
      Komiya, Yutaka
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 658

      Pages: 367-390

  • [Journal Article] Various Modes of Helium Mixing in Globular Cluster Giants and Their Possible Effects on the Horizontal Branch Morphology2007

    • Author(s)
      Suda, Takuma
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 643

      Pages: 897-916

  • [Journal Article] Spectroscopic Studies of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars with the Subaru High Dispersion Spectrograph. IV. The alpha-Element-Enhanced Metal-Poor Star BS16934-0022007

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars. I. Chemical Compositions of 26 Stars2007

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 655

      Pages: 492-521

  • [Journal Article] Chemical Abundance Analysis of the Extremely Metal-Poor Star HE 1300+01572007

    • Author(s)
      Frebel, A.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Properties of Hypernova SN2003dh/GRB0303292007

    • Author(s)
      Deng, J.
    • Journal Title

      New Horizon of Gamma-Ray Burst Astronomy (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Asphercal Explosions of Hypernovae-Light Curves and Nucleosynthesis2007

    • Author(s)
      Nomoto, K.
    • Journal Title

      New Horizon of Gamma-Ray Burst Astronomy (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] The Connection between Gamma-Ray Bursts and Extremely Metal-Poor Stars : Black-Hole Forming Supernovae with Relativistic Jets2007

    • Author(s)
      Tominaga, N.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Supernova Nucleosynthesis in Population III 13 -- 50 $M_{odot} $ Stars and Abundance Patterns of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars2007

    • Author(s)
      Tominaga, N.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Explosive Nucleosynthesis Induced by Relativistic Jets in Population III Supernovae2007

    • Author(s)
      Tominaga, N.
    • Journal Title

      Energy Budget in the High Energy Universe (In Press)

  • [Journal Article] Surface Pollution of Main-Sequence Stars through Encounters with AGB Ejecta in ω Centauri2007

    • Author(s)
      Tujimoto, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal Letters 654

      Pages: L139-L142

  • [Journal Article] Study of the dominant reaction path in nucleosynthesis during stellar evolution by means of the Monte Carlo method2006

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto, K
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 497-499

  • [Journal Article] Nucleosynthetic Signatures of Pop. III Survivors and the Origin of HE0107-5240 and HE1327-23262006

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura Takanori
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 53-58

  • [Journal Article] Spitzer IRAC Images and Sample Spectra of Cassiopeia A' s Explosion2006

    • Author(s)
      Ennis, J. A.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 652

      Pages: 376-386

  • [Journal Article] Dust Destruction in the High-Velocity Shocks Driven by Supernovae in the Early Universe2006

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 648

      Pages: 435-451

  • [Journal Article] Infrared reflection spectra of forsterite crystal2006

    • Author(s)
      Sogawa, H.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics 451

      Pages: 357-361

  • [Journal Article] Isotopic Spectra and Visibilities as Probes of the Outer Atmospheres of Red Supergiant Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Tsuji, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 645

      Pages: 1448-1463

  • [Journal Article] Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars : Osmium and Iridium Abundances in the Neutron-Capture-enhanced Subgiants CS 31062-050 and LP 625-442006

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 650

      Pages: L127-L130

  • [Journal Article] A high-resolution spectral analysis of three carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Goswami, A.
    • Journal Title

      MNRAS 372

      Pages: 343-356

  • [Journal Article] Neutron-Capture Elements in the Very Metal Poor Star HD 1225632006

    • Author(s)
      Honda, S.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 643

      Pages: 1180-1189

  • [Journal Article] Neutron-Capture Elements in the Metal-poor Globular Cluster M152006

    • Author(s)
      Otsuki, K.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 641

      Pages: L117-L120

  • [Journal Article] Neutron-capture processes in the early Galaxy2006

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX

      Pages: 59

  • [Journal Article] Chemical abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX

      Pages: 210

  • [Journal Article] HE 1327-2326, an Unevolved Star with [Fe/H]<-5.0. I. A Comprehensive Abundance Analysis2006

    • Author(s)
      Aoki, W.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 639

      Pages: 897-917

  • [Journal Article] Composition of the Innermost Core-Collapse Supernova Ejecta2006

    • Author(s)
      Frohlich, C.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 637

      Pages: 415-426

  • [Journal Article] Supernova 2006aj=GRB 0602182006

    • Author(s)
      Fugazza, D.
    • Journal Title

      Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams 410

      Pages: 1

  • [Journal Article] Principle of Universality of γ-Process Nucleosynthesis in Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions2006

    • Author(s)
      Hayakawa, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 648

      Pages: L47-L50

  • [Journal Article] Explosive Nucleosynthesis in Different Ye Conditions2006

    • Author(s)
      Iwamoto, N.
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 409-411

  • [Journal Article] The First Chemical Enrichment in the Universe and the Formation of Hyper Metal-Poor Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Iwamoto, N.
    • Journal Title

      Inflating Horizons of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 289-290

  • [Journal Article] An optical spectrum of the afterglow of a γ-ray burst at a redshift of z = 6.2952006

    • Author(s)
      Kawai, N.
    • Journal Title

      Nature 440

      Pages: 184-186

  • [Journal Article] Galactic Chemical Evolution : Carbon through Zinc2006

    • Author(s)
      Kobayashi, C
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 653

      Pages: 1145-1171

  • [Journal Article] Hypernovae 1998bw and 2003jd : A Link to Gamma-Ray Bursts2006

    • Author(s)
      Maeda, K.
    • Journal Title

      Inflating Horizons of Particle astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 259-260

  • [Journal Article] Optical Emission from Aspherical Supernovae and the Hypernova SN 1998bw2006

    • Author(s)
      Maeda, K.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 645

      Pages: 1331-1344

  • [Journal Article] Nebular Spectra of SN 1998bw Revisited : Detailed Study by One- and Two-dimensional Models2006

    • Author(s)
      Maeda, K.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 640

      Pages: 854-877

  • [Journal Article] A neutron-star-driven X-ray flash associated with supernova SN 2006aj2006

    • Author(s)
      Mazzali, P.A.
    • Journal Title

      Nature 442

      Pages: 1018-1020

  • [Journal Article] Models for the Type Ic Hypernova SN 2003lw associated with GRB 0312032006

    • Author(s)
      Mazzali, P.A.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 645

      Pages: 1323-1330

  • [Journal Article] The Asymmetric Explosion of Type Ia Supernovae as Seen from Near-Infrared Observations2006

    • Author(s)
      Motohara, K.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 652

      Pages: L101-L104

  • [Journal Article] Nucleosynthesis Yields of Core-Collapse Supernovae and Hypernovae, and Galactic Chemical Evolution2006

    • Author(s)
      Nomoto, K
    • Journal Title

      Nuclear Physics A 777

      Pages: 424-458

  • [Journal Article] Core-Collapse Very Massive Stars : Evolution, Explosion, and Nucleosynthesis of Population III 500-1000 M_<solar> Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Ohkubo, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 645

      Pages: 1352-1372

  • [Journal Article] Evolution, Explosion of Population III Very Massive Stars- Their Roles as First Generation Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Ohkubo, T.
    • Journal Title

      Inflating Horizons of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 293-294

  • [Journal Article] Nuclesynthesis by Type la Supernova for Different Metallicity2006

    • Author(s)
      Ohkubo, T.
    • Journal Title

      Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies - New Horizon of Nuclear Astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 458-460

  • [Journal Article] SN 2005cs in M51 1. The first month of Evolution of a subluminous SNII plateau2006

    • Author(s)
      Pastorello, A.
    • Journal Title

      MINRAS 370

      Pages: 1752-1762

  • [Journal Article] Diversity of Gamma-Ray Burst Explosions unveiled by SN 2006aj associated with XRF0602182006

    • Author(s)
      Pian, E.
    • Journal Title

      Nature 442

      Pages: 1011-1013

  • [Journal Article] Chemical Abundances in the Secondary Star of the Black Hole Binary V4641 Sagittarii (SAX J1819.3-2525)2006

    • Author(s)
      Sadakane, K.
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 58

      Pages: 595-604

  • [Journal Article] 3D Models for High Velocity Features in Type la Supernovae2006

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 645

      Pages: 470-479

  • [Journal Article] Aspherical Ejecta of Type la Supernovae Inferred From High Velocity Features2006

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 485-487

  • [Journal Article] Aspherical Explosion Models for Type la Supernovae2006

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Journal Title

      Inflating Horizons of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 263-264

  • [Journal Article] Nucleosynthesis in Population III Supernovae : Comparison with Abundances of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Tominaga, N.
    • Journal Title

      Inflating Horizons of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

      Pages: 291-292

  • [Journal Article] Population III Core-Collapse Supernova Yields and Extremely Metal-Poor Star Abundance Pattern2006

    • Author(s)
      Tominaga, N.
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 488-490

  • [Journal Article] The Abundance Pattern and Formation of Extremely Metal-Poor Star2006

    • Author(s)
      Umeda, H
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 65-70

  • [Journal Article] Enrichment of Very Metal Poor Stars with Both r-Process and s-Process Elements from 8-10 M_<solar> Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Wanajo, S.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 636

      Pages: 842-847

  • [Journal Article] SN 2006aj Associated with XRF 060218 at Late Phases : Nucleosynthesis Signature of a Neutron Star-driven Explosion2006

    • Author(s)
      Maeda, K.
    • Journal Title

      Astrophysical Journal 658

      Pages: L5-L8

  • [Journal Article] Neutron-capture Nucleosynthesis in the He-Flash Convective Zone in Extremely Metal-Poor Stars2006

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura, T.
    • Journal Title

      ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES

      Pages: 455-457

  • [Journal Article] Database Retrieval Systems for Nuclear and Astronomical Data2006

    • Author(s)
      Suda, T.
    • Journal Title

      INDC(JPN)-196/U

      Pages: 175-180

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Published: 2008-05-08   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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