Bio-molecule formation by oceanic impact events on the early Earth

2008 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18204049
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: KAKEGAWA Takeshi Tohoku University, 大学院・理学研究科, 准教授 (60250669)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): NAGASE Toshirou 東北大学, 学術資源公開センター, 准教授 (10237521) ; NAKAZAWA Hiromoto (独)物質, 材料研究機構量子ビームセンター, 名誉フェロー (80333780) ; SEKINE Toshimori (独)物質, 材料研究機構ナノ物質ラボ, 主席研究員 (70343829)
• Project Period (FY): 2006 – 2008
• Keywords: 衝撃波 / ポストインパクト / 微惑星 / アミノ酸 / ペプチド / 煙微粒子

Research Abstract

本研究は、初期地球の海洋に隕石が衝突し、そこでアミノ酸が生成され、そのアミノ酸が地球内部で重合し、やがて生命に進化したことを実験的に検証する課題である。隕石の海への落下実験に成功し、世界で初めて衝撃環境でのアミノ酸生成に成功した。地殻内部での高温高圧条件でアミノ酸重合にも世界で初めて成功し、タンパク質前駆体のペプチドを生成した。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] High-time resolution AMS 14C data sets for lake Baikal and Lake Hovsgol sediment cores : Changes in radiocarbon age and sedimentation rates during the transition from the last glacial to the Holocene (2009)
  • Author(s): Watanabe T., Nakamura T., Nara F., Kakegawa T., Horiuchi K., Senda R., Oda T., Nishimura M., Matsumoto G.I. and Kawai T.
  • Journal Title: Quaternary International. On line. DOI : 10.1016 Pages: 1-9
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Microbial communities in iron-silica rich microbial mats at deep-sea hydrothermal fields of the Southern Mariana Trough (2009)
  • Author(s): Kato S., Kobayashi C., Kakegawa T., Yamagishi A.
  • Journal Title: Environmental Microbiology, on line DOI : 10.1111/J.1462-2920 Pages: 1-14
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Stable isotope characterization of fluids from the Lake Chany complex, western Siberia, Russian Federation (2009)
  • Author(s): Mizota, C., Doi, H., Kikuchi E., Shikano S., Kakegawa T. Yurlova N. and Yurlov A.K.
  • Journal Title: Applied Geochemistry Vol.24 Pages: 319-327
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Biomolecule formation by oceanic impacts on early Earth (2009)
  • Author(s): Furukawa Y., Sekine T., Oba M., Kakegawa T. and Nakazawa H.
  • Journal Title: Nature geoscience vol.2 Pages: 62-66
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geochemistry of Sulfide Chimneys and Basement Pillow Lavas at the Southern Mariana Trough (12.55^0N-12.58^0N) (2008)
  • Author(s): Kakegawa T., Utsumi M, . Marumo K.
  • Journal Title: Resource Geology vol.58 Pages: 249-266
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Timing and magnitude of early Aptian extreme warming : Unraveling primary d18O variation in indurated pelagic carbonates at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 463 (2008)
  • Author(s): Ando A., Kaiho K., Kawahata H., Kakegawa T.
  • Journal Title: Central Pacific Ocean.Paleogeo..Paleoclim.Paleoecol. vol.260 Pages: 463-476
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Stable isotopic characterization of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur uptake of Acharax japonica from central Japan (2008)
  • Author(s): Yamanaka T., Mizota C. Matsuyama-Serisawa K., Kakegawa T., Miyazaki J.I., Manpuku M., Tsutsumi H., Fujiwara Y.
  • Journal Title: Plankton Benthos Res. vol.3 Pages: 36-41
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Carbon isotope records of terrestrial organic matter and occurrence of plantonic foraminifera from the Albian stage of Hokkaido (2008)
  • Author(s): Ando A. and Kakegawa T.
  • Journal Title: Japan : Ocean-atmosphere d13C trends and chronostratigraphic implications.Palaios vol.22 Pages: 417-432
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Pressure effects on the abiotic polymerization of glycine (2007)
  • Author(s): Ohara S., Kakegawa T. and Nakazawa H.
  • Journal Title: Origin of Life and Evolution of Biosphere vol.37 Pages: 215-223
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Paleoredox, biotic and sulfur-isotopic chages associated with the end-Permian mass extinction in the western Tethys (2007)
  • Author(s): Gorjan P., Kaiho K., Kakegawa T., Niitsuma S., Chen Z.Q., Kajiwara Y. and Nicora A.
  • Journal Title: Chemical Geology vol.244 Pages: 483-492
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 初期地球環境と微生物活動の痕跡 (2006)
  • Author(s): 掛川武
  • Journal Title: 遺伝 vol.20 Pages: 180-183
• [Journal Article] Links of organic carbon cycling and burial to depositional depth gradients and establishment of a snowball Earth at 2.3 Ga. Evidence from the Timeball Hill Formation, Transvaal Supergroup, S. Africa. (2006)
  • Author(s): Coetzee L.L., Beukes N.J., Gutzmer J. Kakegawa T.
  • Journal Title: South Africa J. of Geology vol.109 Pages: 109-122
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Chemical and biological evolution of early Earth : Constraints from banded iron-formations (2006)
  • Author(s): Ohmoto H., Watanabe Y., Yamaguchi K., Naraoka, H., Haruna M., Kakegawa T., Hayshi K. and Kato Y.
  • Journal Title: Geological Soc. of America Special Paper vol.198 Pages: 291-331
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Sr/Ca ratios as indicators of varying modes of pelagic carbonate diagenesis in the ooze, chalk and limestone realms (2006)
  • Author(s): Ando A., Kawahata H. and Kakegawa T.
  • Journal Title: Sedimentary Geology vol.191 Pages: 37-53
• [Journal Article] Sulfur and carbon isotope analyses of 2.7 Ga stromatolites, cherts and sandstones in the Jeerinah Formation, Western Australia (2006)
  • Author(s): Kakegawa T. and Nanri H.
  • Journal Title: Precambrian Research Vol.148 Pages: 115-124
• [Presentation] Synthesis of bio molecules by meteorite impact (2008)
  • Author(s): Furukawa Y., Sekine T., Oba M. Kakegawa T., Nakazawa H.
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union
  • Place of Presentation: San Francisco, U.S.A.
  • Year and Date: 2008-12-16
• [Presentation] Prebiotic polymerization of amino acids on the early Earth : chemical evolution in the Hadean oceanic crusts (2008)
  • Author(s): Kakegawa T., Ishiguro T., Ohara S., Abiko H., Nakazawa H.
  • Organizer: Goldschmidt Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-07-17
• [Presentation] 初期地球地殻内条件下でのバリンの高温高圧実験 (2008)
  • Author(s): 石黒崇人, 大原祥平, 掛川武
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2008-05-30
• [Presentation] 初期地球環境でのアミノ酸重合 : 堆積物深部条件は生命起源に重要か? (2008)
  • Author(s): 掛川武
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2008-05-28
• [Presentation] Experimental evidence of impact-induced serpentine formation from olivine and water (2008)
  • Author(s): 古川善博, 関根利守, 掛川武, 中沢弘基
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2008-05-28
• [Presentation] 衝撃によるオリビンと水からのサ-ペンティン生成実験 : 初期地球への水運搬媒体生成の可能性 (2007)
  • Author(s): 古川善博、掛川武、関根利守、中沢弘基
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 高知
  • Year and Date: 2007-09-26
• [Presentation] 衝撃によるオリビンと水からのサ-ペンティン生成実験 : 初期地球への水運搬媒体生成の可能性 (2007)
  • Author(s): 古川善博、掛川武、関根利守、中沢弘基
  • Organizer: 日本鉱物科会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2007-09-23
• [Presentation] Scaling past geological events : implications to origin and evolution of life (2007)
  • Author(s): Kakegawa T
  • Organizer: COE symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Sendai, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2007-09-21
• [Presentation] Chemical Evolution on the early Earth : New Perspective (2007)
  • Author(s): Kakegawa T.
  • Organizer: COE symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Sendai, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2007-09-19
• [Presentation] Impact-generated ultrafine particles of olivine and serpentine suggesting a source of aerosols in the air of the early Earth (2007)
  • Author(s): Furukawa Y, Kakegawa T, Sekine T, Nakazawa H.
  • Organizer: Goldschmidt Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Colon, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2007-08-16
• [Presentation] Catalytic potential of silicate, oxide and sulfide minerals for the abiotic polymerization of glycine under high pressure and temperature conditions (2007)
  • Author(s): Ohara S, Kakegawa T, Nakazawa H
  • Organizer: Goldschmidt Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Colon, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2007-08-16
• [Presentation] 30億年前の海底熱水活動の影響を受けた含ストロマトライト炭酸塩岩 (2007)
  • Author(s): 掛川武
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ、千葉
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-23
• [Presentation] グリシンのペプチド化に及ぼす圧力の影響 (2007)
  • Author(s): 大原祥平, 掛川武, 中沢弘基
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ、千葉
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-22
• [Presentation] 初期地球地殻内条件下でのバリンの高温高圧実験 (2007)
  • Author(s): 石黒崇人, 掛川武
  • Organizer: 地球惑星関連学会連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ、千葉
  • Year and Date: 2007-05-22
• [Presentation] 乾燥条件下でのグリシンのペプチド化に及ぼす圧力の影響 (2007)
  • Author(s): 大原祥平, 掛川武, 中沢弘基
  • Organizer: 生命の起源と進化学会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸
  • Year and Date: 2007-03-25
• [Presentation] 初期地球環境と微生物活動の痕跡 : 百花争乱 (2006)
  • Author(s): 掛川武
  • Organizer: 日本進化学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2006-09-30
• [Presentation] Impact vaporization of extraterrestrial objects : importance of liquid water and implication to the early Earth (2006)
  • Author(s): Furukawa Y, Nakazawa H, Sekine T, Kakegawa T
  • Organizer: 19th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe
  • Year and Date: 2006-07-26
• [Presentation] Pressure dependence of peptide formation in solid-state : Implications for the chemical evolution under the deep crust (2006)
  • Author(s): Ohara S, Kakegawa T, Nakazawa H
  • Organizer: 19th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe
  • Year and Date: 2006-07-26
• [Book] 河川汽水域を利用する魚類の食物源"安定同位体スコ-プで覗く海洋生物の生態" (2008)
  • Author(s): 伊藤絹子・掛川武
  • Total Pages: 165
  • Publisher: 恒星社厚生(東京)
• [Book] 生命の起源 (2006)
  • Author(s): 中沢弘基
  • Total Pages: 221
  • Publisher: 地球が書いたシナリオ、新日本出版
• [Remarks] NHK、NHKスペシャル「月と地球46億年の物語」(10/13/2008)に掛川出演、本研究の実験が放映
• [Remarks] 朝日新聞(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] 読売新聞(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] 毎日新聞(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] 日経新聞(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] 河北新報(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] アメリカUSA Today(12/8/2008)発表論文に関する新聞報道
• [Remarks] アメリカScience News(12/8/2008)発表論文に関するweb報道
• [Remarks] アメリカDiscovery Channel(12/8/2008)発表論文に関するweb報道
• [Remarks] アメリカScientific America(12/8/2008)発表論文に関するweb報道
• [Remarks] アメリカWired Science(12/8/2008)発表論文に関するweb報道
• [Remarks] イギリスChemistry World(12/8/2008)発表論文に関するweb報道
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] アミノ酸の合成方法 (2009)
  • Inventor(s): 関根利守、中澤弘基、中澤暁、掛川武、古川善博、大原祥平
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構、独立行政法人科学技術振興機構
  • Industrial Property Number: 4288332
  • Filing Date: 2009-04-10