摂食行動の脳制御機構の進化モデルの構築

2006 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18370024
• Research Institution: University of Toyama
• Principal Investigator: 松田 恒平 富山大学, 大学院・理工学研究部(理学), 助教授 (60222303)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 高橋 明義 北里大学, 水産学部, 教授 (10183849) ; 安東 宏徳 九州大学, 大学院・農学研究院, 助教授 (60221743)
• Keywords: キンギョ / 摂食行動 / 神経ペプチド / 脳室内投与 / アンタゴニスト / 進化 / 遺伝子発現 / 魚類

Research Abstract

動物にとって摂食行動は、生命の維持と個体の諸活動を支えるエネルギー得のため、欠くことのできない最も重要な本能行動である。哺乳類における最近の知見によれば、摂食行動は、脳の視床下部で発現する多数の神経ペプチドによって促進的あるいは抑制的に制御される。また、これらのペプチド作動性ニューロンは相互作用しながら、摂食行動を制御・最適化する。一方、鳥類における摂食行動の制御機構は、哺乳類の機構と一部異なることも見出されている。例えば、オレキシンとMCHには摂食亢進効果は認められず、また、グレリンは摂食行動を強く抑制する。しかしながら、摂食行動の複雑な調節を司る神経機構の進化の過程における変遷については、殆ど判っていない。そこで、本年度では魚類の摂食制御機構の解明を目指し、生理学的解析が最も進んでいる魚種であるキンギョを用いて神経ペプチドによる摂食行動の脳制御機構について探った。その結果、哺乳類より見出されてきた摂食制御ペプチドはキンギョ脳に存在することを明らかにした。さらに、摂餌量がこれらペプチドの脳室内投与によって顕著に変動することやペプチドmRNAおよび受容体mRNAの脳内発現量が給餌状態により大きな影響を受けることを明らかにした。例えば、オレキシンA、脂肪酸修飾グレリン(アシル化グレリン)、NPYの脳室内投与により、キンギョの摂食量は有意に増加した。MCHは、哺乳類において摂食亢進作用を有するが、キンギョへの投与は、逆に摂食を抑制した。一方、PACAP、VIP、α-MSHなどの脳室内投与は、キンギョの摂食量を減少させた。また、これら神経ペプチドmRNA発現に及ぼす摂餌状態の影響を探ったところ、摂食亢進性神経ペプチドmRNAレベルは絶食により増大し、摂食抑制性神経ペプチドmRNAレベルは過食状態で減少した。キンギョにおけるこれらの結果は、魚類の摂食行動が哺乳類と類似しているペプチド作動性神経機構により制御されていることを示唆するが、MCHの場合のように、異なる機構の存在も見出された。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Regulation of feeding behavior by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in vertebrates. (2007)
  • Author(s): Matsuda, K., Maruyama, K.
  • Journal Title: Peptides (in press)
• [Journal Article] Regulations of food intake in the goldfish by interaction between ghrelin and ore (2007)
  • Author(s): Miura T., Maruyama, K., shimakura, S.T., Kaiya, H., Uchiyama, M., Kangawa, K., Shioda, S., Matsua, K.
  • Journal Title: Peptides (in press)
• [Journal Article] Effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) on prolactin and somatolactin release from the goldfish pituitary in vitro. (2007)
  • Author(s): Matsuda, K., Nejigaki, Y., Satoh, M., Shimaura, C., Tanaka, M., Kawamoto, K., Uchiyama, M., Kawauchi, H., Shioda, S., Takahashi, A.
  • Journal Title: Regulatory Peptides (in press)
• [Journal Article] Frog atrial natriuretic peptide and cGMP activate amiloride-sensitive Na^+ channels in urinary bladder cells of Japanese tree frog, Hyla japonica. (2007)
  • Author(s): Yamada, T., Matsuda, K., Uchiyama, M.
  • Journal Title: J Comp Physiol B (in press)
• [Journal Article] Immunolocalization and mRNA expression of the epithelial Na* channel -subunit in the kidney and urinary bladder of the marine toad, Bufo marinus, under hyperosmotic conditions. (2007)
  • Author(s): Konno, N., Hyodo, S., Yamada, T., Matsuda, K., Uchiyama, M.
  • Journal Title: Cell Tissue Res (in press)
• [Journal Article] Arginine vasotocin promotes urea permeability through urea transporter expressed in the toad urinary bladder cells. (2007)
  • Author(s): Konno, N., Hyodo, S., Matsuda, K., Uchiyama, M.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol (in press)
• [Journal Article] ANP increases the amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel activity in urinary bladder cells of Japanese tree frog, Hyla japonica. (2007)
  • Author(s): Yamada, T., Matsuda, K., Uchiyama, M.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endoerinol (in press)
• [Journal Article] Feeding-induced changes of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-like immunoreactivity in goldfish brain. (2007)
  • Author(s): Matsuda, K., Shimakura, S.I., Miura, T., Maruyama, K., Uchiyama, M., Kawauchi, H., Shioda, S., Takahashi, A.
  • Journal Title: Cell Tissue Res (in press)
• [Journal Article] Purification of sinus gland peptides having vitellogenesis-inhibiting activity from the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. (2007)
  • Author(s): Tsutsui, N Ohira, T., Kawazoe, I., Takahashi, A., Wifder, N.M.
  • Journal Title: Marine Biotechnol (in press)
• [Journal Article] Profiles of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the Japanese flounder as revealed by a newly developed time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. (2007)
  • Author(s): Amiya, N., Amano, M., Takahashi, A., Yamanome, T., Yamamori, K.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol (in press)
• [Journal Article] Further evidence of an ancient origin of ACTH peptides; Pharmacology of dogfish and lamprey peptides at dogfish melanocortin receptors. (2007)
  • Author(s): Haitina, T., Takahashi, A., Holmen, L., Enberg, J., Schibth, H.B.
  • Journal Title: Peptides (in press)
• [Journal Article] The melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2(MCH-R2) mediates the effect of MCH to control body color for background adaptation in the barfin flounder. (2007)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, A., Kosugi, T., Kobayashi, Y., Yamanome, Y., Schioth, B.H., Kawauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol (in press)
• [Journal Article] Hypermelanosis on the blind side of Japanese flounder is diminished by rearing in white tank. (2007)
  • Author(s): Yamanome, T Amano, M., Amiya, N., Takahashi, A.
  • Journal Title: Fish Sci (in press)
• [Journal Article] Neuropeptide Y mediates ghrelin-induced feeding in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. (2006)
  • Author(s): Miura, T., Maruyama, K., Shimakura, S.I., Kaiya, H., Uchiyama, M., Kangawa, K., Shioda, S., Matsuda, K.
  • Journal Title: Neurosci iLett 407 Pages: 279-283
• [Journal Article] Regulation of food intake by acyl and des-acyl ghrelins in the goldfish. (2006)
  • Author(s): Matsuda, K., Miura, T., Kaiya, H., Maruyama, K., Shimakura, S.I., Uchiyama, M., Kangawa, K., Shioda, S.
  • Journal Title: Peptides 27 Pages: 2321-2325
• [Journal Article] Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) decreases neuronal cell death after focal ischemia associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling. (2006)
  • Author(s): Ohtaki, H., Nakamachi, T., Dohi, K., Aizawa, Y., Takaki, A., Hodoyama, K., Yofu, S., hashimoto, H., Shintani, N., Baba, A., Kopf, M., Iwakura, Y., Matsuda, K., Arimura, A., Shioda, S.
  • Journal Title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 Pages: 7488-7493
• [Journal Article] Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a prolactin-releasing peptide homolog from Xenopus laevis. (2006)
  • Author(s): Sakamoto, T., Oda, A., Yamamoto, K., Kaneko, M., Kikuyama, S., Nishikawa, A., Takahashi, A., Kawauchi, H., Tsutsui, K., Fujimoto, M.
  • Journal Title: Peptides 27 Pages: 3347-3351
• [Journal Article] In vivo effects of thyroid hormone, corticosteroids and prolactin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the anterior intestine of the euryhaline mudskipper (Periophthalmus modestus). (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, H., Takahashi, A., Sakamoto, T.
  • Journal Title: Life Sci 79 Pages: 1873-1880
• [Journal Article] Genomic Genomic structure of the sea lamprey growth hormone-encoding gene. (2006)
  • Author(s): Moriyama, S., Oda, M., takahashi, A., Sower, S.A., Kawaushi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 148 Pages: 33-40
• [Journal Article] Identification of sea lamprey GTHβ-like cDNA and its evolutionary implications. (2006)
  • Author(s): Sower, S.A., Moriyama, S., Kasahara, M., takahashi, A., Nozaki, M., Uchida, K., dahlstrom, J.M., Kwauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 148 Pages: 22-32
• [Journal Article] Molecular cloning and characterization of preproopiomelanocortin (prePOMC) cDNA from the ostrich (Struthio camelus). (2006)
  • Author(s): Naude, R., Oelofsen, W., Takahasih, A., Amano, M., Kawaushi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 146 Pages: 310-317
• [Journal Article] A systematic immunohistochemical survey on the distribution patterns of GH, prolactin, somatolactin, β-TSH, β-FSH, β-LH, ACTH, and α-MSH in the adenohypophysis of Oreochromis niloticus, the Nile tilapia. (2006)
  • Author(s): Kasper, R.S., Shved, N., Takahashi, A., Reinecke, M., Eppler, E.
  • Journal Title: Cell Tissue Res 325 Pages: 303-313
• [Journal Article] Evolution of melanocortin systems in fish. (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, A., Kawauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 148 Pages: 85-94
• [Journal Article] Posttranslational processing of proopiomelanocortin family molecules in sea lamprey based on mass spectrometric and chemical analyses. (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, A., Yasuda, A., Sower, S.A., Kawauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 148 Pages: 79-84
• [Journal Article] Occurrence of two functionally distinct proopiomelanocortin genes in all modern lampreys. (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, A., Nakata, O., Moriyama, S., Nozaki, M., Joss, J.M.P., Sower, S.A., Kawauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 148 Pages: 72-78
• [Journal Article] Expression of three proopiomelanocortin subtype genes and mass spectrometric identification of POMC-derived peptides in pars distalis and pars intemedia of barfin flounder pituitary. (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, A., Amano, M., Amiya, N., Yamanome, T., Yamamori, K., Kawauchi, H.
  • Journal Title: Gen Comp Endocrinol 145 Pages: 280-286