2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Conversion of Biomass Waste into Fluid Fuel
| Project/Area Number |
18560784
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Recycling engineering
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| Research Institution | Kyushu University |
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Principal Investigator |
NONAKA Moriyasu Kyushu University, Faculty of Engineering, Assistant Professor (60271102)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HIRAJIMA Tsuyoshi Kyushu University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor (00175556)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Keywords | Biomass / Hydrothermal Treatment / Resource Recovery |
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| Research Abstract |
A crude palm oil company in Indonesia generates large quantities of biomass residues every year. It is expected that the large quantity of the by-produced empty fruit bunch (EFB) could be used effectively as energy resource. In this research, we have conducted hydrothermal treatments of EFB with alkali (K_2CO_3) catalyst using a 500 ml autoclave attempting to recover a high calorific solid fuel and to study the effect of a solvent on the extraction behavior from the biomass during hydrothermal treatment. For a circulative hydrothermal treatment, the on-line monitoring of UV absorbance of the liquid phase clarified that oils such as frans and phenols etc were extracted. The addition of alkali catalyst shifted the extraction onset temperature to lower temperature meaning the easier decomposability of the biomass as compared with non-addition of any catalyst. The degree of such effect depended on the variety of the chemicals added. The on-line monitored chronological change of UV absorban
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ce showed a good correlation with the TOC content suggesting that it may be possible to indirectly predict the .TOC content from the intensity of the on-line monitored UV absorbance of the liquid phase in spite of the existence of UV-inert carboxylic acids. For a batch experiment, the TOC content and the concentration of lactic acid increased with alkali addition, whilst the concentration of acetic acid was almost constant independent of the alkali content. The oil content in the liquid phase showed maximum at 0.217 M of alkali catalyst. Considering both solid and liquid phases, oil compounds were produced in maximum at 0,1 M of alkali catalyst and the oil conversion rate of feed was ca. 70 % in TOC content equivalent. The dehydration of solid phase was restricted by alkali catalyst and the resultant decrease in gross calorific value occurred. Thermogravimetric analysis of the oil in the solid phase showed that the solid phase obtained at low alkali rapidly combusted at 500 C whilst the combustion temperature for higher alkali shifted to higher temperature and broadened. Less
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