2007 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Blood Detection System of Acute Brain Damage
| Project/Area Number |
18590970
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Neurology
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| Research Institution | Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences |
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Principal Investigator |
TAKAHASHI Hiroshi Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, Alzheimer's Disease Group Principal Investigator (20226880)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2006 – 2007
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| Keywords | Blood detection system / Tau protein / ELISA / Monoclonal antibody / Cerebral infarction |
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| Research Abstract |
The absence of a widely available and sensitive diagnostic test for acute brain ischaemia remains a significant limitation in the diagnosis and management of stroke. The aim of this research is to establish the blood detection system of acute brain injury. We focused on a microtubule-associated protein Tau as the surrogate biomarker in the blood because Tau is one of the most abundant proteins in neurons and is expected to be released into the blood by brain damage. As we found that Tau protein was degraded into several fragments by the proteases in the blood in our preliminary experiments, we planned to detect its N-terminal fragment.
[Methods and Results]First, we produced monoclonal antibodies specifically recognizing N-terminal of human Tau protein and established ELISA system for detecting Tau. Second, by using transgenic mice expressing human Tau protein in the brain, we assessed the ELISA system as measuring the plasma Tau concentration. Tau plasma concentrations tended to increase in the course of the brain insult within 24 hours and gradually decreased within 48 hours. We also examined the plasma Tau concentration with brain lesion size. The bigger the lesion was, the higher the plasma Tau concentration was. Thus, they were good indicator of lesion size.
[Conclusion]We established sensitive plasma Tau detection system and it worked as the blood surrogate biomarker for acute brain lesion in the mouse model system. The usefulness of this sytem in the diagnosis of stroke should be evaluated in human cases.
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