2018 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
気中汚染物質に対する植物防御の統合的システムに関する分子生理学的研究
| Project/Area Number |
18F18391
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| Research Institution | Okayama University |
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Principal Investigator |
森 泉 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (40379805)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OOI LIA 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 外国人特別研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-11-09 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | sulfur oxide / stomata |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
Plants have a mechanism to cope with the invasion of toxic gasses through stomatal opening. It is known that stomata close against sulfur oxide as well as ozone. The molecular mechanisms for ozone-inudced stomatal closure. However, sulfur dioxide-induced stomatal closure mechanism has not been understood. In this study we analyzed the response of stomata to sulfur dioxide in the mutants of which stomata is insensitive to ozone to compare the molecular mechanism of ozone- and sulfur dioxide-induced stomatal closure. We found that ozone and carbon dioxide-induced stomatal closure mechanisms are mostly shred, while sulfur dioxide-induced stomatal closure mechanism is different.
Since some plant hormones have been postulated to play a role in sulfur dioxide-induced stomatal closure, we analyzed hormone contents in sulfur dioxide-exposed leaf by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. We found that concentrations of jasmonic acid and indoleacetic acid showed significant change. Indoleacetic acid did not induced stomatal closure. While jasmonic acid induced closure, jasmonic acid-insensitive mutant plant showed an essentially same response to sulfur dioxide, suggesting that jasmonic acid is not involved in sulfur dioxide-induced stomatal closure.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
1: Research has progressed more than it was originally planned.
Reason
We analyzed the involvement of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in addition to plant hormones. Our result showed no significant involvement of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. We successively analyzed the involvement of cell acidification in this process. We found that mutants demonstrating strongly stable cytosolic pH are less sensitive to sulfur dioxide with respect to stomatal behavior. Based on our results, we propose a novel biotechnology for plants/crops to cope with sulfur dioxide (acid rain) stress.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
Investigation of the involvement of CLCa gene in sulfur dioxide detoxification and enhancement of sulfur dioxide tolerance. Previous studies were conducted using excised Arabidopsis leaves floated on sulfur dioxide-producing buffer to examine the effects of sulfur dioxide on stomatal physiology. Next, sulfur dioxide impacts on whole plants will be investigated using gas chamber fumigation approach. Whole plants of wild-types and mutants will be incubated with sulfur dioxide gas in a gas chamber. The effects of sulfur dioxide on chlorophyll contents and cell viability will be investigated. This study is expected to provide insights on plant resistant mechanisms against sulfur dioxide and potential approach to improve sulfur dioxide resistance.
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Research Products
(3 results)
