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2018 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

Urban Heat Island Effect in Rapidly Growing Megacities in Developing Countries

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H00763
Research InstitutionUniversity of Tsukuba

Principal Investigator

村山 祐司  筑波大学, 生命環境系, 教授 (30182140)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 日下 博幸  筑波大学, 計算科学研究センター, 教授 (10371478)
山下 亜紀郎  筑波大学, 生命環境系, 助教 (60396794)
大場 真  国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 福島支部, 室長 (90462481)
森本 健弘  筑波大学, 生命環境系, 講師 (20282303)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywordsヒートアイランド / 発展途上国 / 都市構造 / 衛星画像 / GIS / リモートセンシング / 土地利用 / 将来予測
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

アジア及びアフリカの急成長都市群を対象に,衛星画像データから地表面温度,土地被覆・利用パターンを推定するとともに,社会経済的特性の分布の空間可視化を行った.都心から郊外に向かってどの程度の距離減衰効果が働くかは,複雑系科学によるパターン認識法を用いて把握した.分析結果を踏まえ,ヒートアイランド現象を空間的(中心-周辺)に捉えて,都市構造(単極,多極分散)との因果関係を探った.対象とした都市は,マニラ,上海,北京,カトマンズ,コロンボ,テヘラン,ラゴスなどである.
ヒートアイランド現象の理論化については,アジアのメガシティの都市化に伴う気候変化をより高精度に計算するために多層キャノピーモデルを開発し,その精度検証を行った.具体的には,領域気候モデルを用いて,アジアのメガシティの都市化に伴う気候変化を推定した.
また,ヒートアイランド現象の悪化がもたらす都市生態系の変化に関する分析を行った.文献レビューにより都市熱リスクの評価を行い,リスクと脆弱性の各要素について考えられる指標をリストした.さらに,フィリピンの都市を対象に衛星写真解析から地表面温度指標を推定するとともに,現地においてデータの入手可能性を確認し,専門家に対するヒアリングを実施した.
理論的研究を補強するため,クアラルンプールとシンガポールの都市中心部において,ヒートアイランド緩和効果のある水辺空間の整備状況とその活用・維持管理に関する現地調査を実施した.
さらに本年度は,スリランカを重点的な研究対象地域に選び選定し,研究代表者と分担者2名がチームを組んで,都市化,土地被覆・土地利用の現地観察,専門家ヒアリング,データの入手可能性に関するインテンシブなフィールドワークを行った.コロンボ大都市圏およびキャンディ大都市圏で,土地利用の高度化及びそれに伴う都市環境の変化に関する現地調査を実施した.

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

予定通り作業が進み,着実に成果をあげている.

Strategy for Future Research Activity

本研究では,熱画像のソースとしてLandSat衛星画像を利用している.しかし,雲や影の影響により精確な情報を得られないことがある.その場合には,対象年次を変更したり,場合によっては対象都市を変更するなどの措置を講じる.
都市ヒートアイランドの形成要因の分析では,市街地の水平的拡大と建物の垂直的拡大,さらにそれに伴う社会経済的な機能変化に注目する.ランドサットデータをもとに都市の土地利用を分類し,1985年以降に市街地(人工建造物)が空間的にどの程度増加したか,その一方で緑地がどの程度減少したかを定量的に捉えたい.アジアとアフリカでは,ヒートアイランドの発生要因やポテンシャル強度の差異が予想されるので,地理学的観点から両地域を比較考察して相違をもたらす原因を解明する.
発展途上国の諸都市におけるヒートアイランド形成のメカニズムは,欧米の都市がたどってきたプロセスとは成因が根本的に異なる.このため,発展途上の各都市が有する地理的特性に応じた独自の視点と分析枠組が必要になる.地理学的視点に立って実証分析を積み重ねるとともに,都市間比較を通して,有効な方法論や分析手法を確立することが求められる.さらに,ヒートアイランド現象の深化が社会にどんな影響を及ぼすのかを的確に予想し,今後の対策や政策に生かすことが重要である.

  • Research Products

    (31 results)

All 2019 2018 Other

All Journal Article (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 13 results,  Peer Reviewed: 15 results,  Open Access: 12 results) Presentation (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 13 results,  Invited: 1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Scenario-based modelling for urban sustainability focusing on changes in cropland under rapid urbanization: A case study of Hangzhou from 1990 to 20352019

    • Author(s)
      Hou Hao, Wang Ruci, Murayama Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Science of The Total Environment

      Volume: 661 Pages: 422~431

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.208

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Bibliometric analysis of highly cited articles on ecosystem services2019

    • Author(s)
      Zhang Xinmin, Estoque Ronald C., Xie Hualin, Murayama Yuji, Ranagalage Manjula
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 14 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0210707

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Development of a Multilayer Urban Canopy Model Combined with a Ray Tracing Algorithm2019

    • Author(s)
      Doan Van Q., Kusaka Hiroyuki
    • Journal Title

      SOLA

      Volume: 15 Pages: 37~40

    • DOI

      10.2151/sola.2019-008

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Spatial Analysis of Social Vulnerability to Floods Based on the MOVE Framework and Information Entropy Method: Case Study of Katsushika Ward, Tokyo2019

    • Author(s)
      Lianxiao, Morimoto Takehiro
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 11 Pages: 529~529

    • DOI

      10.3390/su11020529

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Impact of Urban Surface Characteristics and Socio-Economic Variables on the Spatial Variation of Land Surface Temperature in Lagos City, Nigeria2018

    • Author(s)
      Dissanayake DMSLB, Morimoto Takehiro, Murayama Yuji, Ranagalage Manjula, Handayani Hepi H.
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 11 Pages: 25~25

    • DOI

      10.3390/su11010025

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Changes in the landscape pattern of the La Mesa Watershed: The last ecological frontier of Metro Manila, Philippines2018

    • Author(s)
      Estoque Ronald C., Murayama Yuji, Lasco Rodel D., Myint Soe W.、Pulhin Florencia B., Wang Chuyuan, Ooba Makoto, Hijioka Yasuaki
    • Journal Title

      Forest Ecology and Management

      Volume: 430 Pages: 280~290

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.023

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Geospatial Analysis of Horizontal and Vertical Urban Expansion Using Multi-Spatial Resolution Data: A Case Study of Surabaya, Indonesia2018

    • Author(s)
      Handayani Hepi, Murayama Yuji, Ranagalage Manjula, Liu Fei, Dissanayake DMSLB
    • Journal Title

      Remote Sensing

      Volume: 10 Pages: 1599~1599

    • DOI

      10.3390/rs10101599

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Quantifying Surface Urban Heat Island Formation in the World Heritage Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage Manjula, Dissanayake DMSLB, Murayama Yuji, Zhang Xinmin, Estoque Ronald C., Perera ENC, Morimoto Takehiro
    • Journal Title

      ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information

      Volume: 7 Pages: 341~341

    • DOI

      10.3390/ijgi7090341

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover and Its Effects on Surface Urban Heat Island Using Landsat Data: A Case Study of Metropolitan City Tehran (1988-2018)2018

    • Author(s)
      Rousta Iman, Sarif Md, Gupta Rajan, Olafsson Haraldur, Ranagalage Manjula, Murayama Yuji, Zhang Hao, Mushore Terence
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 10 Pages: 4433~4433

    • DOI

      10.3390/su10124433

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Scenario-Based Simulation of Tianjin City Using a Cellular Automata?Markov Model2018

    • Author(s)
      Wang Ruci, Hou Hao, Murayama Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 10 Pages: 2633~2633

    • DOI

      10.3390/su10082633

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Spatiotemporal Simulation of Future Land Use/Cover Change Scenarios in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area2018

    • Author(s)
      Wang Ruci, Derdouri Ahmed, Murayama Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 10 Pages: 2056~2056

    • DOI

      10.3390/su10062056

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Spatial Changes of Urban Heat Island Formation in the Colombo District, Sri Lanka: Implications for Sustainability Planning2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage Manjula, Estoque Ronald, Zhang Xinmin, Murayama Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 10 Pages: 1367~1367

    • DOI

      10.3390/su10051367

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Relation between Urban Volume and Land Surface Temperature: A Comparative Study of Planned and Traditional Cities in Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage Manjula, Estoque Ronald, Handayani Hepi, Zhang Xinmin, Morimoto Takehiro, Tadono Takeo, Murayama Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 10 Pages: 2366~2366

    • DOI

      10.3390/su10072366

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Measurement of urban built-up volume using remote sensing data2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage, M., Murayama, Y.
    • Journal Title

      Tsukuba Geoenvironmental Sciences

      Volume: 14 Pages: 19~29

    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Spontaneous simulation of land surface temperature in Tianjin city, China2018

    • Author(s)
      Wang, R., Murayama, Y.
    • Journal Title

      Tsukuba Geoenvironmental Sciences

      Volume: 14 Pages: 37~44

    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A review of quality of life (QOL) assessments and indicators: Towards a “QOL-Climate” assessment framework2018

    • Author(s)
      Estoque Ronald C., Togawa Takuya, Ooba Makoto, Gomi Kei, Nakamura Shogo, Hijioka Yasuaki, Kameyama Yasuko
    • Journal Title

      Ambio

      Volume: 47 Pages: 1~20

    • DOI

      10.1007/s13280-018-1090-3

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Accessing the soil erosion rate based on RUSLE model for sustainable land use management: a case study of the Kotmale watershed, Sri Lanka2018

    • Author(s)
      Dissanayake DMSLB, Morimoto Takehiro, Ranagalage Manjula
    • Journal Title

      Modeling Earth Systems and Environment

      Volume: 5 Pages: 291~306

    • DOI

      10.1007/s40808-018-0534-x

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] A comparative study of land surface temperature in African cities based on Landsat Data2018

    • Author(s)
      Matamyo Simwanda, Manjula Ranagalage, Ronald C. Estoque, Yuji Murayama
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The relationship between urban volume and land surface temperature using ALOS PRISM and Landsat images: A case study of Tsukuba and Tsuchiura, Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage Mahinda Manjula, Ronald C. Estoque, Hepi H. Handayania, Xinmin Zhang, Yuji Murayama
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Monitoring the urban expansion in Nanchang, China using geospatial techniques2018

    • Author(s)
      Xinmin Zhang, Yuji Murayama
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Union Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Sustainable Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation Strategies in Chinese Megacities Using Landsat-based Urban Land Cover: A Case Study of Guangzhou and Hangzhou2018

    • Author(s)
      Fei LIU, Yuji MURAYAMA
    • Organizer
      The 13th China-Japan-Korea Joint Conference on Geography
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Delineation of Urban Spatiotemporal Changes Based on Time Series Impervious Surfaces (IS) Data: A Case Study of Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA)2018

    • Author(s)
      Fei LIU, Ahmed Derdouri, Yuji Murayama, Takehiro Morimoto
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Advanced Remote Sensing
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Satellite-based Evaluation of Urban Spatiotemporal Changes Based on Impervious Surface Data: An Implementation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA)2018

    • Author(s)
      Fei LIU, Ahmed Derdouri, Yuji Murayama, Takehiro Morimoto
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Localized Mountain Green Cover Index: Case study of Sripada Mountain in Sri Lanka2018

    • Author(s)
      Malinda Halgamage Siriwardana, Yuji Murayama, Ronald C. Estoque, Siri Karunaratne
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Estimation of Built-up and Green Volume Change Using Multi-spatial Resolution Data: A Case Study of Surabaya, Indonesia2018

    • Author(s)
      Hepi Hapsari Handayani, Yuji Murayama
    • Organizer
      AGU Fall Meeting
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Downscaling future forest cover changes under the shared socioeconomic pathways: Implications for mitigation and adaptation2018

    • Author(s)
      Estoque R., Ooba M., Togawa T., Nakamura S., Gomi K., Hijioka Y., Yoshioka A., Kuroda K.
    • Organizer
      5th International Climate Change Adaptation Conference
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Spatial modeling of land abandonments in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan2018

    • Author(s)
      Estoque R., Ooba M., Togawa T., Gomi K., Akiyama C., Nakamura S., Kuroda K., Yoshioka A., Hijioka Y.
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Spatial Analysis and Modeling
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Monitoring spatiotemporal patterns of Land surface temperature in the Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka using Landsat data (1996 -2017)2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage, M., Murayama, Y.
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Advanced Remote Sensing (ICARS2018), China
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Measuring urban built-up volume by using satellite image data and geospatial techniques2018

    • Author(s)
      Ranagalage, M., Murayama, Y.
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Spatial Analysis and Modeling, Japan
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Creating scientific geography in Asia by applying geosptaial technologies with remote sensing data: Urbanization studies2018

    • Author(s)
      Yuji Murayama
    • Organizer
      The 4th Asian Conference on Geography
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Remarks] Urbanization in Major Asian and African Cities

    • URL

      http://giswin.geo.tsukuba.ac.jp/mega-cities/

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Published: 2019-12-27  

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