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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Hydraulic architecture model based on heterorhizy: integration of hierarchical hydraulic information between cells and root system

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18H02188
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

Yamauchi Akira  名古屋大学, 生命農学研究科, 教授 (30230303)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 三屋 史朗  名古屋大学, 生命農学研究科, 准教授 (70432250)
仲田 麻奈  名古屋大学, 農学国際教育研究センター, 助教 (70623958)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywordsアクアポリン / 異形根 / スベリン / プレッシャーチャンバー / 水通導性 / ルートプレッシャープローブ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study showed the functional significance of heterorhizy and specifically that the roles in water uptake were different among the component roots. We identified that S-type LRs had fewer cell layers across the radial pathway, lack of aerenchyma in mid cortex, less suberin deposition in the endodermis, lack of an exodermis, and high aquaporin activities, which resulted in lower hydraulic resistance for the radial water flow in roots. Namely, S-type LRs had the highest water uptake ability among the three component roots, and thereby contributed more to the water uptake of the whole root system. On the other hand, main roots and L-type LRs might contribute to overall water uptake by producing laterals and expanding root surface area of S-type LRs. In addition, formation of aerenchyma in mid cortex of main roots facilitates diffusion of oxygen from shoot to root tips that is essential for metabolic activities, branching, and elongation of roots.

Free Research Field

作物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の最大の特色は、従来は均質な組織として捉えられていた根系を、構成根間の差に着目し解析した点である。このような観点から、作物根の水吸収に関わる水分生理について取り組んでいる研究グループは他に例を見ない。とくに、S型側根が構成根の中で相対的に高い水通導性を有することを示し、構成根間の役割分担によって根系機能が制御されるとする、従来になかった新しい考え方を実証した。構成根毎の機能の遺伝子制御に関わる研究の進展と相まって、理想的根系をデザインし、それの基づいた根系生理機能に関わる育種の可能性を、本研究成果はより現実的なものとした。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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