2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Cell type-specific mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the anhydrobiotic insect
| Project/Area Number |
18H02217
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39050:Insect science-related
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| Research Institution | Institute of Physical and Chemical Research |
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Principal Investigator |
GUSEV OLEG 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 科技ハブ産連本部, ユニットリーダー (30711999)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Keywords | anhydrobiosis / desiccation tolerance / gene expression / gene editing / sleeping chironomid / Polypedilum vanderplanki / scRNASeq |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The project provided new unique information about cell type-specific mechanisms of complete desiccation tolerance, using the only known anhydrobiotic insect Polypedilum vanderplanki (Pv). We have conducted multi-omics analysis to identify a specific set of protective genes that provide a molecular shield against water loss in the brain, fat bodies, gut, and embryonic cell mass-derived Pv11 cell culture. Each tissue has both general and unique, tissue-specific signature of gene expression. Multiple orthologs of anhydrobiosis-related genes are linked to cell type-specific program of desiccation tolerance. We createda new, high-quality genome assembly of Pv and developed database MidgeBase 2.0, with genomic and transcriptomic data underlying anhydrobiosis. Using new protocols of RNAi and gene editing, we identified key transcriptional master regulators of anhydrobiosis, including Hsf1 and demonstrated its strong involvement in genome-wide regulation of desiccation tolerance in Pv11 cells
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| Free Research Field |
昆虫生理学遺伝学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
The knowledge will serve for further development of new technologies of long-term preservation of different cell types under room temperature. Genome-wide studies allowed us to make a new discovery of mechanisms of appearance of evolutionary novelties in extremophilic organisms.
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