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2020 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

Dynamics of micro-organism and small animals in the soil and their contribution to crop productivity in cover cropping

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18H02310
Research InstitutionNiigata Agro-Food University

Principal Investigator

荒木 肇  新潟食料農業大学, 食料産業学科, 教授 (30183148)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 小松崎 将一  茨城大学, 農学部, 教授 (10205510)
伊藤 崇浩  新潟食料農業大学, 食料産業学科, 講師 (10826457)
西澤 智康  茨城大学, 農学部, 准教授 (40722111)
内田 義崇  北海道大学, 農学研究院, 准教授 (70705251)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywords緑肥 / ヘアリーベッチ / ライムギ / 地球温暖化係数 / 土壌微生物 / 群集構造 / 土壌団粒 / 有機物分解
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

1.緑肥導入圃場での作物生産性、環境変動評価および温暖化緩和に関する調査:緑肥ヘアリーベッチ(HV)とライムギ(Rye)のBicultureはHVとRye残渣からの窒素放出パターンを変えた。HVは初期ばかりではなく後期にも窒素を放出し、Rye残渣からもRye単作より多くの窒素を放出し、後作トマトの生産性を向上させた。2002年以降緑肥を継続栽培している茨城大学圃場において、土壌パラメータを正規化しその積算値(=土壌評価値)と土壌炭素量との相関分析を行った。土壌炭素量が増加すると、土壌の化学性、生物性、物理性および生産性が改善された。不耕起とRye利用で、最大の土壌炭素蓄積と土壌評価値を得、この体系は農耕地の地球温暖化係数削減にも寄与した。

2.緑肥投入による土壌微生物の群集構造の変化:緑肥後にレタスを栽培した根域土壌では、無緑肥圃場に比べ、バクテリアと糸状菌DNAが相対的に高くなった。根域土壌の微生物はBG(β-glucosidase)活性や土壌微生物バイオマス(SMB)を増加させた。BG活性やSMBが窒素供給可能環境の微生物作用の指標になると考察した。緑肥種により、窒素利用に関して特定の微生物叢の役割が形成されていると推察した。緑肥-不耕起農法は、土壌団粒組成(物理性)の量的変化と土壌団粒内有機物分解特性(化学性)の質的変化をもたらすとともに、土壌細菌群集構造(微生物性)の変動を誘起した。団粒粒径により、存在比の高い微生物種と有機物分解性機能遺伝子のコピー数が異なり、微細環境(団粒粒径)の違いは特定の微生物種と有機物分解性に影響を及ぼすことが示された。

3.研究成果の発信:科研費研究期間の研究概要を日本語と英語でまとめ、学術論文をとじ込んで報告書を作成した(全140頁)。緑肥研究者に配布し、今後の共同研究の構築に役立てる。

Research Progress Status

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

  • Research Products

    (13 results)

All 2021 2020

All Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 8 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] A field study of cover crops to improve soil biochemical properties in bulk and rhizosphere soils of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).2021

    • Author(s)
      Yufita Dwi Chinta,Yoshitaka Uchida,Hajime Araki
    • Journal Title

      Acta Horticulturae.

      Volume: In print Pages: In print

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Soil carbon and nitrogen and tomato yield response to cover crop management2020

    • Author(s)
      Muchanga Rafael A.、Hirata Toshiyuki、Uchida Yoshitaka、Hatano Ryusuke、Araki Hajime
    • Journal Title

      Agronomy Journal

      Volume: 112 Pages: 1636~1648

    • DOI

      10.1002/agj2.20098

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Dynamics of N Derived from 15N-labeled Rye in Soil-Tomato System as Influenced by Cover Crop Residue Management.2020

    • Author(s)
      Muchanga A. Rafael, Yoshitaka Uchida, Toshiyuki Hirata, Ryusuke Hatano and Hajime Araki
    • Journal Title

      The Horticulture Journal.

      Volume: 89 Pages: 394-402

    • DOI

      10.2503/hortj.UTD-132

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Availability of nitrogen supply from cover crops during residual decomposition by soil microorganisms and its utilization by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).2020

    • Author(s)
      Yufita Dwi Chinta, Yoshitaka Uchida, Hajime Araki.
    • Journal Title

      Scientia Horticulturae.

      Volume: 270 Pages: -

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109415

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Improvements of soil biological properties with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and rye (Secale cereale L.) and the contributions to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production.2020

    • Author(s)
      Yufita Dwi Chinta,Yoshitaka Uchida,Hajime Araki.
    • Journal Title

      Acta Horticulturae.

      Volume: 1286 Pages: 111-118

    • DOI

      10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1286.16

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] No-tillage with rye cover crop can reduce net global warming potential and yield-scaled global warming potential in the long-term organic soybean field.2020

    • Author(s)
      Yingting Gong, Peiran Li, Nobuo Sakagami, Masakazu Komatsuzaki.
    • Journal Title

      Soil & Tillage Research

      Volume: 205 Pages: -

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.still.2020.104747

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A cover crop and no-tillage system for enhancing soil health by increasing soil organic matter in soybean cultivation.2020

    • Author(s)
      Heppy Suci Wulanningtyas, Yingting Gong, Peiran Li, Nobuo Sakagami, Junko Nishiwaki, Masakazu Komatsuzaki.
    • Journal Title

      Soil & Tillage Research

      Volume: 205 Pages: -

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.still.2020.104749

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Response of soil carbon dioxide emissions to no-tillage and moldboard plow systems on Andosols in a humid, subtropical climate, Japan.2020

    • Author(s)
      ingting Gong, Peiran Li, Wenyi Lu, Junko Nishiwaki, Masakazu Komatsuzaki.
    • Journal Title

      Geoderma

      Volume: 386 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114920

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Integrated sustainability evaluation of field environment for the combinations of tillage and cover crop practices by FAO-SAFA (sustainability assessment of food and agriculture systems) applied with a modified rating method.2020

    • Author(s)
      Imafuku Rica, Masakazu Komatsuzaki, Takahiro Ito, Yinghui Mu, Hajime Araki.
    • Journal Title

      Japan. J. Farm Work Res.

      Volume: 56 Pages: In print

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 不耕起とカバークロップの組み合わせによる脱炭素型農作業システムの評価2021

    • Author(s)
      頴亭・李沛然・西脇淳子・坂上伸生・廬文藝・小松﨑将一
    • Organizer
      日本農作業学会2021年春季大会
  • [Presentation] Cover crop decomposition rate difference between no-tillage and moldboard plowing in relation to biochar application2021

    • Author(s)
      Qiliang Huang・Yingting Gong・Peiran Li・Masakazu Komatsuzaki
    • Organizer
      日本農作業学会2021年春季大会
  • [Presentation] Changes of Soil Chemical and Physical Parameter in the relation to the use of Cover Crops in Greenhouse Vegetables Production2021

    • Author(s)
      Li Zhenrui・Komatsuzaki Masakazu・Ryoma Saito
    • Organizer
      日本農作業学会2021年春季大会
  • [Presentation] A field study of cover crops to improve soil biochemical properties in bulk and rhizosphere soils of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).2020

    • Author(s)
      Yufita Dwi Chinta,Yoshitaka Uchida,Hajime Araki.
    • Organizer
      Asian Horticulture Congress
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2021-12-27  

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