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2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Immunopathology of visceral leishmaniasis

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18H02649
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 49040:Parasitology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

GOTO Yasuyuki  東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 准教授 (50553434)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 藤井 渉  東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 助教 (40708161)
山岸 潤也  北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 准教授 (80535328)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywordsリーシュマニア / 免疫病態 / 貧血 / 脾腫 / 肝腫 / SIRPα / MRP14
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis caused by infection with the protozoan Leishmania species. In this study, we used a mouse model that reproduce symptoms in human VL patients including anemia and hepatosplenomegaly, to clarify the immune responses that affect these conditions. For anemia, we found that Leishmania infection altered the expression of SIRPα by macrophages and induced hemophagocytosis. This hemophagocytosis contributes to the increase in the number of Leishmania parasites inside the macrophages, suggesting that the parasites create an environment favorable for their own survival by controlling host molecules. We also found that the host inflammatory factor MRP14 is involved in this anemia and splenomegaly.

Free Research Field

免疫寄生虫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

VLはヒトやイヌに重篤な症状をもたらし、年間20-40万人の患者と2万人もの死者を出している。本症の化学療法は効果、副作用、治療期間、価格、薬剤耐性株の出現などの問題点を抱えるため、新規の治療法が望まれている。本研究では、本来は我々の体をまもる免疫が症状の原因となる「免疫病態」の解明を目指し、宿主因子であるSIRPαやMRP14の関与を明らかにしてきた。このように、原虫の生存や病態に関わる免疫機構を明らかにしたことは、それを標的とした免疫療法の確立をつながることが期待できる。

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Published: 2022-01-27  

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